LTE Handover via Conditional CGI Decoding for PCI Confusion

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Solution Overview

Problem

In mobile communication networks, particularly those using LTE and UMTS standards, physical cell identifier (PCI) conflicts and confusions occur due to limited PCI values, leading to reduced network performance, quality of service, and increased battery drain, as they hinder accurate radio cell identification and handover processes.

Innovation Solution

The method involves requesting user equipment to decode the cell global identifier (CGI) only under specific conditions, such as low handover success rates, predetermined PCI and frequency sets, or network quality thresholds, to resolve PCI collisions and confusions, thereby ensuring accurate handover and minimizing customer impact.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If user equipment continuously decodes cell global identifier (CGI) to verify physical cell identifier (PCI) uniqueness, then PCI confusion detection accuracy is improved, but battery consumption increases and handover speed decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePCI confusion detection accuracyVSAvoidbattery consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by requesting CGI decoding only in specific scenarios where PCI confusion is suspected (e.g., when PCI conflicts are detected in the network, or when handover failures occur), rather than continuously. This selective approach maintains detection accuracy when needed while minimizing unnecessary battery consumption during normal operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the network monitors handover success rates and PCI usage patterns, then dynamically triggers CGI decoding requests based on detected anomalies. This feedback-driven approach ensures CGI decoding occurs only when actually needed to resolve suspected PCI confusions, optimizing both detection accuracy and energy efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If user equipment continuously decodes cell global identifier (CGI) to verify physical cell identifier (PCI) uniqueness, then PCI confusion detection accuracy is improved, but handover speed decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePCI confusion detection accuracyVSAvoidhandover speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by requesting CGI decoding only in specific scenarios where PCI confusion is suspected (e.g., when PCI conflicts are detected in the network, or when handover failures occur), rather than continuously. This selective approach maintains detection accuracy when needed while minimizing unnecessary decoding operations that would slow down normal handovers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary PCI conflict detection at the network level before handover is triggered. By proactively identifying PCI confusions and resolving them in advance, the system prevents handover delays caused by last-minute CGI decoding, thus maintaining both detection accuracy and handover speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Device complexity

If the network uses a limited number of physical cell identifier (PCI) values to simplify cell identification, then device complexity is reduced, but PCI conflicts and confusions increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell identification complexityVSAvoidPCI uniqueness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces CGI decoding as an intermediary verification mechanism. When PCI values are reused in different locations (necessitated by the limited PCI space), the CGI serves as a unique identifier that disambiguates between cells with the same PCI. This intermediary step maintains simple cell identification using short PCIs while ensuring reliable unique identification when conflicts occur.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically changes the identification parameters used by user equipment based on network conditions. In normal conditions, only the short PCI is used for cell identification. When PCI conflicts are detected or suspected, the system transitions to using the longer CGI parameter to ensure unique identification, thus adapting to maintain reliability without permanently increasing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of operation

If the network operator assigns short physical cell identifier (PCI) values for local cell identification, then ease of operation is improved, but network-wide uniqueness is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell identification easeVSAvoidnetwork-wide uniqueness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the identification function into two parts: the short PCI for local, rapid cell identification (maintaining ease of operation), and the unique CGI for network-wide disambiguation (ensuring uniqueness). This segmentation allows the system to use short PCIs for normal operations while having a fallback mechanism with CGIs to resolve any uniqueness conflicts across the network.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces CGI decoding as an intermediary verification mechanism. When PCI values are reused in different locations (necessitated by the limited PCI space), the CGI serves as a unique identifier that disambiguates between cells with the same PCI. This intermediary step maintains simple cell identification using short PCIs while ensuring reliable unique identification when conflicts occur.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3152957B1Method for improving overall network performance and/or overall quality of service of user equipments in a mobile communication network, system for improving overall network performance and/or overall quality of service of user equipments in a mobile communication network, mobile communication network, program and computer program product
Publication Date: 2021.01.06 DEUTSCHE TELEKOM AG
  • EP3152957B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for improving overall network performance and/or overall quality of service of user equipments in a mobile communication network, wherein the mobile communication network comprises a core network and an access network, wherein the access network comprises at least one base station entity serving the user equipment, wherein a serving radio cell is associated to the base station entity corresponding to the radio coverage area of the base station entity, wherein further radio cells are located in the vicinity of the serving radio cell, wherein the serving radio cell as well as the plurality of further radio cells use, respectively, a center frequency, wherein a physical cell identifier information as well as a cell global identifier information is assigned, respectively, to the serving radio cell and to each of the further radio cells, wherein in case that the user equipment requests a handover to be performed towards a target radio cell based on indicating both the target physical cell identifier information and the target center frequency of the target radio cell, and additionally, in case that at least two radio cells of the further radio cells have the identical target physical cell identifier information and the identical target center frequency such that a determination of the correct target radio cell among the at least two radio cells of the further radio cells is not possible based on solely the target physical cell identifier information and the target center frequency of the target radio cell, the method comprises the following steps: in a first step, the base station entity – prior to executing the requested handover procedure – requests the user equipment to decode the cell global identifier of the target radio cell, in a second step, subsequent to the first step, the user equipment reports the cell global identifier to the base station entity, in a third step, subsequent to the second step, the base station entity determines which one of the at least two radio cells of the further radio cells, having the target physical cell identifier information and the target center frequency, corresponds to the target radio cell, and initiates the handover procedure towards the target radio cell.