Conductive polymer coatings for three dimensional substrates

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conductive polymer coatings known in the art lack flexibility, durability, and adhesion to three-dimensional substrate surfaces, making them unsuitable for applications requiring mechanical and electrical stability, especially in medical devices.

Innovation Solution

A conductive polymer coating precursor composition comprising a conductive polymer, such as PEDOT, with a primary counterion like PSS, solvents, secondary doping agents, surfactants, crosslinking agents, and flexibility enhancers, applied via dip coating and thermal curing to achieve superior adhesion, conductivity, and flexibility on three-dimensional substrates.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional metal oxide coatings are used, then electrical conductivity is achieved, but mechanical flexibility and biological compatibility are poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidmechanical flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameter from inorganic metal oxides to organic conductive polymers (PEDOT, PANI, PPy), fundamentally altering the mechanical properties while maintaining electrical conductivity. This material substitution enables flexibility and biological compatibility without sacrificing conductive performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates composite coating systems combining conductive polymers with flexible substrates and biocompatible additives. The composite structure integrates the electrical conductivity of polymers with the mechanical flexibility of elastomeric substrates, resolving the contradiction between conductivity and flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Area of stationary object

If conductive polymer coatings are applied to three-dimensional substrates, then conformal coverage is achieved, but adhesion and durability are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconformal coverageVSAvoidadhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary surface treatment to three-dimensional substrates before coating application, including surface cleaning, activation, or priming steps. This preliminary action prepares the substrate surface to enhance subsequent adhesion of the conductive polymer coating, ensuring durability on complex geometries

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces intermediary layers or coupling agents between the substrate and conductive polymer coating. These intermediaries improve interfacial bonding and adhesion, enabling durable conformal coverage on three-dimensional surfaces with varying topographies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If conventional conductive polymer coatings are applied, then electrical conductivity is achieved, but flexibility and crack resistance are poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidflexibility and crack resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs thin film formulations of conductive polymers applied as flexible coatings on elastomeric substrates. The thin film structure combined with flexible substrate support prevents cracking during flexing while maintaining electrical conductivity, achieving both conductivity and mechanical flexibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses intrinsically conductive polymers that can be processed from simple monomer solutions, replacing complex metal oxide deposition processes. These polymer coatings are designed to be flexible and crack-resistant through molecular structure selection, maintaining conductivity through repeated flexing cycles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

4Reliability

If metal oxide coatings are used, then electrical conductivity is provided, but brittleness and sensitivity to oxide layer build-up occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidbrittleness and oxide layer build-up
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent fundamentally changes the material composition from inorganic metal oxides to organic conductive polymers. This parameter change eliminates the brittleness and oxide layer build-up issues inherent to metal oxides while maintaining electrical conductivity through the polymer's conjugated electron system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The coating exhibits enhanced mechanical and electrical stability, abrasion resistance, and maintains conductivity through repeated flexing cycles, making it suitable for flexible and biologically compatible medical device applications.

Implementation Method 1

The coatings are applied to the substrate surfaces by any suitable coating technique, including but not limited to dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, or slot-die coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDip coating: Deposition (physical)

Implementation Method 2

The coating precursor composition is cured to provide the conductive polymer coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal curing: Heat Treatment

Data Source

PatentUS10731041B2Conductive polymer coatings for three dimensional substrates
Publication Date: 2020.08.04 NEXTSENSE INC

AI summary

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for the preparation of conductive polymer coatings, and methods for application of the coatings to three-dimensional substrates.