Conductive Polymeric Composition With Reduced Hysteresis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional carbon blacks used to impart conductivity to polymeric compositions require high concentrations, adversely affecting mechanical properties like stiffness and hysteresis, and specialty carbon blacks are expensive and difficult to process.
Innovation Solution
A combination of two types of carbon blacks with specific surface areas and oil absorption numbers below their percolation thresholds is used to create antistatic or conductive polymeric compositions, balancing electrical and mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional carbon blacks are used to impart conductivity to polymeric compositions, then electrical conductivity is achieved, but mechanical properties like stiffness and hysteresis are adversely affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining two distinct carbon black types (conventional and specialty) in a polymeric composition. This composite approach allows the system to achieve electrical conductivity through the specialty carbon black while the conventional carbon black contributes to mechanical reinforcement, thereby resolving the contradiction between electrical and mechanical properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by carefully controlling the concentration of each carbon black type relative to its percolation threshold. By operating below the percolation threshold for both carbon black types, the invention achieves conductivity with minimized filler content, thereby reducing the adverse impact on mechanical properties while maintaining electrical functionality
2Reliability
If specialty highly conductive carbon blacks are used to reduce concentration, then electrical properties are improved, but processing difficulty and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the conductive filler function between two types of carbon blacks. The specialty carbon black provides conductivity at low concentrations, while the conventional carbon black provides structural support and improves processability. This segmentation allows each component to optimize its specific function, reducing overall processing difficulty
Solution Approach 2:
The conventional carbon black acts as an intermediary that facilitates the processing and dispersion of the specialty carbon black. By providing a more processable filler matrix, the conventional carbon black enables easier manufacturing while the specialty carbon black delivers the required electrical conductivity
3Reliability
If high concentrations of carbon black are used to achieve conductivity, then electrical properties are improved, but resource consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by operating with carbon black concentrations below their respective percolation thresholds. This parameter optimization allows the system to achieve the desired electrical conductivity with minimized filler content, thereby reducing resource consumption while maintaining functional performance
Solution Approach 2:
The composite material system allows synergistic interaction between the two carbon black types, where the specialty carbon black provides high conductivity at low concentrations and the conventional carbon black provides additional conductive pathways and structural support, collectively reducing the total filler requirement and resource consumption
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The compositions exhibit reduced hysteresis, high stiffness, and tensile strength with antistatic or conductive behavior, being well processable and cost-effective.
Implementation Method 1
Carbon black materials are inherently electrically conductive due to their graphite substructure
Implementation Method 2
the energy losses upon dynamic deformation
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides polymeric compositions with balanced electrical and mechanical properties exhibiting reduced hysteresis comprising an electrically insulating polymeric material, a first carbon black material having a statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of below 70 m2/g and an oil absorption number (OAN) in the range from 70 to 150 mL/100 g, and a second carbon black material having a statistical thickness surface area (STSA) of at least 100 m2/g and an oil absorption number (OAN) of at least 150 mL/100 g, wherein both carbon black materials are included in an amount below its respective percolation threshold concentration, with the total amount of the first carbon black material and the second carbon black material being sufficient to render the polymeric composition antistatic or electrically conductive. The polymeric compositions exhibit balanced electrical and mechanical properties and a reduced hysteresis. The disclosure also relates to a process for preparing such antistatic or electrically conductive polymeric compositions and articles produced from such compositions.