Conductive Protective Layer for Electrochemical Machining Precision

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrochemical machining methods for gas turbine and compressor components often result in undesirable geometry changes and exceeded drawing tolerances due to unintended removal of already finished workpiece surfaces, hindering automation in engine manufacturing.

Innovation Solution

Applying an electrically conductive layer with similar electrochemical removal behavior to the workpiece material on already finished surfaces, which is completely or almost completely removed during the machining process, ensuring protection and precise machining without influencing adjacent areas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If electrochemical machining process is applied to remove material from workpiece surface, then machining precision is improved, but already finished workpiece surfaces are attacked and partially removed leading to geometry changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemachining precisionVSAvoidworkpiece geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

An electrically conductive layer is applied as an intermediary between the electrochemical machining process and the workpiece surface. This layer acts as a sacrificial mediator that undergoes electrochemical removal instead of the workpiece material, thereby protecting the finished surfaces from unwanted material removal while allowing the machining process to proceed with high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The electrically conductive layer is applied in advance to the areas adjacent to the machining surface before the electrochemical machining process begins. This preliminary action ensures that the protective layer is in place to prevent stray currents from attacking the finished workpiece surfaces during the subsequent machining operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Shape

If protective layers are applied to protect finished surfaces, then workpiece geometry is preserved, but the protective layers are partially attacked and require selective removal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveworkpiece geometryVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The electrically conductive layer is designed to have similar or identical electrochemical removal behavior to the workpiece material. This homogeneity in electrochemical properties ensures that the protective layer is removed under the same conditions as the workpiece material during electrochemical machining, eliminating the need for separate selective removal steps and simplifying the overall manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Solution Approach 2:

The electrically conductive layer is designed as a sacrificial protective layer that is completely or almost completely removed during the electrochemical machining process. This approach follows the principle of discarding a temporary protective element that serves its purpose during machining and is then naturally removed, eliminating the need for additional selective removal operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

3Productivity

If conventional electrochemical sinking is used, then material removal is achieved, but drawing tolerances are exceeded due to unwanted material removal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial removal rateVSAvoiddrawing tolerances
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The electrically conductive layer serves as a mediator that absorbs the electrochemical attack intended for the workpiece. By placing this layer between the electrolyte and the finished workpiece surfaces, the process maintains high material removal efficiency while preventing tolerance violations on protected surfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The electrically conductive layer is applied selectively only to the areas adjacent to the machining surface that require protection, while leaving the machining surface itself exposed. This local application ensures that protection is provided exactly where needed without interfering with the machining process, maintaining both productivity and precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method allows for precise machining of workpieces without further removal of already finished surfaces, maintaining geometry accuracy and enabling seamless transitions, thus preventing tolerance issues and facilitating automation in engine component production and repair.

Implementation Method 1

material is removed from the workpiece through an electrochemical reaction between the workpiece and the electrolyte located between the workpiece and the electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical reaction: Electrolysis

Implementation Method 2

The layer according to process step a) is applied by painting or by a thermal spraying process. The thermal spraying process can be arc spraying, flame spraying, atmospheric plasma spraying, or high-speed flame spraying using VPS

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal spraying: Plasma Spray

Data Source

PatentEP2095901B1Method for manufacturing and applying a protective coating
Publication Date: 2019.04.10 MTU AERO ENGINES GMBH
  • EP2095901B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2095901B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The method involves applying an electrically conductive protective layer on an area of a finished partial component surface (12) abutting a working surface (14) to be processed, where the protective layer includes a metal, and another electrically conductive material having an electrochemical erosion behavior with a known relation to an electrochemical erosion behavior of a metal component. The working surface and the protective layer are electrochemically processed, where the protective layer is completely eroded in a predetermined region. The electrochemical process is pulsed electrochemical sinking process, non-pulsed electrochemical sinking process or drilling process. The protective layer has a thickness range of about 1 micrometer (mue m) to 2 millimeters (mm). Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a process for manufacturing and repairing a metal component of a rotating machine (2) a component of a rotating machine has a section repaired by joining.