Cone-Shaped Impact Surface for Particle Trapping in Gas Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional particle trapping systems in ventilation ducts, particularly in nuclear dismantling operations, induce significant aeraulic pressure drops due to high resistance, which reduces ventilation rates and is not suitable for trapping high-velocity incandescent particles effectively.
Innovation Solution
A device with a cone-shaped impact surface and a covering portion that forms a trapping zone inside the outer casing, allowing effective capture of particles while minimizing pressure drops by directing the gas flow and particles in a way that maximizes trapping efficiency and reduces pressure loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional baffle box systems are used to trap particles, then particle trapping effectiveness is improved, but pressure drop increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The device segments the particle trapping function into two distinct zones: an impact zone with the conical impact surface for high-velocity particle capture, and a settling zone downstream for lower-velocity particle removal. This segmentation allows each zone to be optimized for its specific function, achieving effective particle trapping while maintaining lower overall pressure drop compared to conventional baffle systems that use a single complex structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using flat parallel baffles that create high resistance, the invention inverts the approach by using a conical impact surface that directs particles onto a sloped surface. This inverted geometry allows particles to be captured through impact and gravity rather than resistance, fundamentally changing the trapping mechanism from resistance-based to geometry-based, thereby reducing pressure drop.
2Reliability
If baffle systems are placed in series with aerosol filtration levels, then complete particle removal is improved, but aeraulic pressure drop increases very significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The device segments the particle removal process into two stages: high-velocity incandescent particle capture in the impact zone, and residual particle removal in the settling zone. This segmentation allows the system to achieve complete particle removal while maintaining lower pressure drop, making it suitable for series placement with aerosol filters without causing excessive energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The device changes the flow parameters gradually through its structure. The conical impact surface handles high-velocity particles, then the flow transitions to lower velocity in the settling zone. This parameter change approach allows complete particle removal across different velocity regimes while maintaining acceptable pressure drop, enabling effective series configuration with downstream aerosol filtration.
3Reliability
If ventilation extraction flow is increased to maintain enclosure tightness, then enclosure sealing is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device converts the harmful high-velocity gas flow that would otherwise carry particles through the system into a beneficial force. The high velocity is used to drive particles into the conical impact surface where they are captured by impact and gravity. This converts the harmful effect of high velocity (difficulty in trapping) into a beneficial effect (enhanced particle capture), allowing effective particle removal without requiring excessive extraction flow rates, thereby reducing power consumption while maintaining enclosure tightness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively traps a large portion of particles upstream while maintaining a high gas flow rate, reducing pressure drops and ensuring efficient operation in high-velocity environments.
Implementation Method 1
a first impact surface, preferably substantially in the shape of a cone... a large part of the particles is stopped very upstream by the trapping zone formed by the association of the first impact surface and the impact zone
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a device (1) for trapping particles, preferably incandescent, in a gas stream, which comprises: an outer shell (10) comprising at least one intake opening (11) via which the gas stream is intended to be injected and at least one outlet opening (12) arranged downstream from the intake opening (11) relative to the flow of the gas stream and via which the gas stream is intended to be discharged; a first impact surface (30), substantially cone-shaped, the cone having an apex (31) directed opposite the intake opening (11), the cone extending at least partially inside the outer shell (10) in a longitudinal direction (200); an impact area (40) arranged inside the outer shell (10) and having a covering portion (41) extending all around the first impact surface (30) and from the first impact surface (30) so as to form, between the first impact surface (30) and said covering portion (41), an area (101) for trapping particles arriving on the first impact surface (40).