Congestion Window Control for Internet of Vehicles Bandwidth Allocation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In the Internet of Vehicles, the fast speed of vehicles and sparse deployment of roadside units lead to communication congestion due to weak signal reception and limited bandwidth allocation, affecting user experience, especially for vehicles with poor signal capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A congestion window control method that determines bandwidth requirements and congestion windows for each on-board unit set based on the number of units and reference bandwidth requirements, considering different on-board unit types and iterative calculations to adaptively allocate bandwidth and avoid congestion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If more bandwidth resources are allocated to vehicles with poor signal receiving capabilities, then the wireless transmission reliability for these vehicles is improved, but the bandwidth available for other vehicles is reduced, leading to congestion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating bandwidth allocation based on vehicle signal receiving capabilities. Vehicles are categorized into different groups (first group with better capabilities, second group with poorer capabilities), and each group receives differentiated bandwidth resources. This allows the system to provide enhanced reliability specifically to vehicles that need it most without uniformly reducing bandwidth for all vehicles, thereby resolving the contradiction between improving reliability for poor-signal vehicles and maintaining overall bandwidth utilization.
2Reliability
If the deployment density of roadside units is increased to improve signal coverage, then the signal receiving capability is improved, but the system cost and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the congestion window parameters dynamically based on signal receiving capabilities rather than changing the physical deployment of roadside units. The system adjusts the congestion window size and bandwidth allocation parameters according to the signal quality and vehicle group classification. This allows the system to improve signal receiving capability through software-based parameter optimization without increasing the physical complexity or cost of roadside unit deployment.
3Adaptability or versatility
If bandwidth is allocated based on equal principles to all vehicles, then the fairness is improved, but the overall network efficiency deteriorates due to congestion in high-density areas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing dynamic bandwidth allocation that adapts to real-time network conditions and vehicle distributions. Instead of static equal bandwidth allocation, the system continuously adjusts bandwidth distribution based on vehicle signal capabilities, road density, and network congestion levels. Vehicles are dynamically classified into different groups, and the congestion window parameters are adjusted in real-time, allowing the system to maintain fairness while optimizing overall network efficiency under varying conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a congestion window control method, an apparatus and a device for internet of vehicles. The congestion window control method for internet of vehicle includes: determining a bandwidth requirement for each of the plurality of on-board unit sets; and determining a congestion window for each of the on-board unit sets according to the bandwidth requirements of respective sets of the plurality of on-board unit sets, wherein the plurality of on-board unit sets correspond to a plurality of on-board unit types respectively.