Congruent Bidirectional Segment Routing Tunnels for Path Consistency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Segment Routing (SR) tunnels are inherently unidirectional, lacking congruency between forward and reverse paths, leading to issues such as propagation delay and tunnel faults, particularly impacting real-time communication services like voice and video.

Innovation Solution

Implementing congruent bidirectional SR tunnels by modifying Segment Identifier (SID) configurations at source nodes to ensure forward and reverse traffic directions follow the same path, using a deterministic approach with master/slave logic and recursive Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) selection to guarantee path congruency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional unidirectional SR tunnels are used, then path selection flexibility is improved, but propagation delay consistency and fault tolerance deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepath selection flexibilityVSAvoidpropagation delay consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry by introducing direction-aware path selection where forward and reverse tunnels can independently choose paths based on asymmetric metrics. The system allows different path selection behaviors for different directions while maintaining the ability to achieve congruency when needed, resolving the contradiction between flexibility and consistency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements dynamic path selection where the routing decision can change based on the communication direction and current network conditions. The system dynamically adjusts whether to use congruent or independent paths based on service requirements, enabling both flexibility and consistency as needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional unidirectional SR tunnels are used, then implementation simplicity is improved, but fault tolerance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidfault tolerance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the bidirectional tunnel into two independent unidirectional tunnels that can be configured separately. This segmentation maintains implementation simplicity while enabling independent fault management and tolerance mechanisms for each direction, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and fault tolerance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements beforehand cushioning by pre-configuring fallback paths and redundancy mechanisms in case of tunnel failures. The system prepares alternative routing options in advance, ensuring continuous operation during faults without complicating the basic tunnel setup.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Reliability

If congruent bidirectional SR tunnels are implemented, then propagation delay consistency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepropagation delay consistencyVSAvoidSID configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the path selection metrics and SID configuration parameters to achieve congruency. The system changes routing parameters such as cost metrics, next-hop selection criteria, and SID assignment to ensure consistent paths in both directions, resolving the contradiction between consistency and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3902210B1Congruent bidirectional segment routing tunnels
Publication Date: 2025.08.13 CIENA CORP
  • EP3902210B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3902210B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3902210B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods provide congruent bidirectional Segment Routing (SR) tunnels, namely congruent and fate-shared traffic forwarding for bidirectional SR tunnels. A bidirectional SR tunnel, as described herein, includes two unidirectional SR tunnels where the forward and reverse traffic directions follow the same path through the network when forwarded based on prefix and adjacency Segment Identifiers (SIDs). The term "congruent" is used herein to refer to the fact that the two unidirectional SR tunnels, i.e., the forward and reverse traffic directions, follow the same path through the network but in opposite directions. The guarantee of congruency is based on modification of the Segment Identifier (SID) configuration at the source nodes of each tunnel. Accordingly, the present disclosure maintains compatibility with existing Segment Routing configurations with the modifications solely at the source nodes.