Conical Diffusion Terminal for Low-Mixing Personal Air Delivery

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing ventilation systems fail to ensure high-quality air intake by minimizing air mixing with pollutants, leading to suboptimal air quality and increased energy consumption.

Innovation Solution

A personal air exchange system with diffusion terminals that deliver clean air directly to the inhalation area using low-flow, laminar airflow through capillary distribution networks, reducing mixing with ambient air and incorporating adjustable, low-profile diffusers with conical elements to enhance airflow direction and separation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If large airflow diffusers with high mixing are used to introduce clean air, then the air quantity is sufficient, but the air quality deteriorates due to mixing with pollutants

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair quantityVSAvoidpollutant mixing
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The ventilation system is segmented into multiple low-flow diffusers distributed throughout the space, each delivering clean air directly to its local zone. This segmentation allows clean air to be introduced in small, controlled quantities that minimize mixing with pollutants while still providing sufficient total ventilation when aggregated across all diffusers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each diffuser creates a localized zone of high-quality air with minimal mixing characteristics. The clean air from each diffuser maintains its purity in its immediate vicinity, providing local quality improvement without requiring high overall mixing rates that would compromise air quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If high airflow is introduced through diffusers, then ventilation coverage is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveventilation coverageVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of introducing excessive high-volume airflow throughout the entire space, the system uses multiple diffusers to deliver partial airflow to specific local zones. This partial action approach achieves adequate ventilation coverage by aggregating the effects of many small diffusers rather than relying on a few large airflow sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses multiple identical or similar low-flow diffusers distributed throughout the space, copying the same efficient diffuser design across many locations. This allows the system to achieve broad ventilation coverage through replication of efficient local units rather than using fewer high-consumption units.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Ease of operation

If conventional diffusers are used, then air distribution is achieved, but the system complexity and installation cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveair distributionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The diffusers are designed as simple, inexpensive, potentially disposable components that can be easily installed and removed. This approach reduces system complexity by using straightforward components rather than complex adjustable mechanisms, while still achieving effective air distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The diffusers are designed to operate effectively at similar pressure levels and airflow conditions, creating equipotential operation across the network. This simplifies the overall system design and installation by ensuring all diffusers work under comparable conditions, reducing the need for complex balancing and adjustment mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #12Equipotentiality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures high-quality air intake with minimal mixing and reduced energy consumption by delivering clean air directly to the inhalation zone without obstructing movement or activity, maintaining air quality and reducing pollutant content.

Implementation Method 1

low-flow, laminar airflow through capillary distribution networks

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaminar airflow: Laminar Flow

Implementation Method 2

capillary distribution networks

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Data Source

PatentEP4189299B1A diffusion terminal of clean air provided with double emission, and corresponding air exchange system
Publication Date: 2025.10.01 CAGNI ANDREA
  • EP4189299B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4189299B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2C
  • EP4189299B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3D

AI summary

A diffusion terminal (5) of clean air is described here, provided for improving the quality of the air breathed by a person. The diffusion terminal (5) comprises: - an outer body (50), which can be connected to the outlet of a respective supply channel (3) of clean air, - said outer body (50) having an outlet mouth (27) provided for supplying clean air towards an inhalation area of a person, - a first conical element (26) at least partially hollow arranged inside the outer body (50), in such a way that the axis of the first conical element (26) is substantially coincident with the main axis of the body (50), - said first conical element (26) having a base portion arranged close to a plane defined by the outlet mouth (27) of the outer body (50), so as to provide the outlet of an airflow (F1) along a crown (28) defined between an inner surface of the outer body (50) and an outer surface of the first conical element (26), - said first conical element (26) comprises at least one opening (33, 22) to enable passing of an airflow (F3) within the first conical element (26) and through an outlet mouth (34) of the first conical element (26).