Conical On-Off Valve Structure for High-Pressure Fuel Pump Sealing
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-pressure fuel pumps in internal combustion engines face challenges in maintaining component resistance and leak-tightness under increasing system pressures, requiring design measures to secure the inlet valve disk and ensure sealing between the pump casing and valve disk.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a conical valve body with a radially extending spring projection and annular outlet groove, eliminating the need for insertion chamfers and supporting sealing elements, while a fixing ring secures the valve body in a location hole with a conical taper, providing resilient support and enhanced sealing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an inlet valve disk is pressed into a pump casing and fixed by means of an additional fixing ring with press-fit assembly, then leaktightness between the pump casing and inlet valve disk is achieved, but the load on the inlet valve disk increases continuously with increasing system pressures, necessitating design measures to ensure fixing and leaktightness even at high system pressures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the valve body by providing a conical lateral surface instead of a cylindrical one. This conical shape with a specific opening angle creates a self-centering effect and distributes the high pressure loads more evenly across the valve body structure, reducing the concentrated load on the inlet valve disk while maintaining leaktightness through the conical interface between the valve body and pump casing.
Solution Approach 2:
The conical lateral surface of the valve body introduces a curved geometric form that interacts with the corresponding conical surface in the pump casing. This curved interface provides mechanical advantage in distributing forces and reducing stress concentrations on the inlet valve disk under high system pressures, while the tapering geometry ensures reliable fixation and sealing.
2Reliability
If insertion chamfers are provided for arranging sealing elements, then sealing between the on-off valve and fuel injection system casing is achieved, but material use and machining costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the sealing function directly into the conical lateral surface of the valve body. The conical interface between the valve body and pump casing serves dual purposes: providing mechanical fixation through the tapered geometry and ensuring sealing through the precise conical fit. This eliminates the need for separate insertion chamfers and additional sealing structures, reducing machining complexity and material removal while maintaining reliable sealing under high pressures.
3Ease of manufacture
If the valve body has a cylindrical shape with insertion chamfers, then sealing elements can be arranged, but the valve body requires more material and more extensive machining
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental geometry of the valve body from cylindrical to conical. This parameter change eliminates the need for insertion chamfers and reduces the overall material requirement. The conical lateral surface with its tapering profile requires less material than a cylindrical body with chamfers while providing inherent sealing through the conical interface, thus reducing both material consumption and machining operations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the resistance and leak-tightness of the on-off valve, reducing the load on sealing elements and allowing for secure fixation without damage from high pressures, while minimizing material use and machining costs.
Implementation Method 1
wherein the valve body (38) has a radially extending spring projection (62) which is resilient in the axial direction and projects radially beyond the lateral surface (58)
Implementation Method 2
The hole wall (60) is designed to taper conically into the pump casing (36)... the valve body (38) has a lateral surface (58) which is of conical design
Data Source
AI summary
Various embodiments include a valve comprising a valve body including a valve seat; and a valve element movable along a longitudinal axis to close the on-off valve by sealing against the valve seat. The valve body includes a conical lateral surface. The valve body includes a radially extending spring projection which is resilient in an axial direction and projects radially beyond the lateral surface.