Connected Vehicle Hazard Detection Using DSRC Safety Messages
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing technologies face challenges in effectively detecting vehicle safety conditions, particularly in adverse weather conditions, and in preventing accidents caused by human errors such as speeding, rear-end collisions, head-on collisions, and red-light violations, due to limitations in sensor performance and reliance on assumptions about vehicle positions.
Innovation Solution
The use of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, enabling the exchange of Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) that include safety-critical data, allowing for the detection of vehicle safety conditions based on messages exchanged between connected vehicles or infrastructure objects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If sensor-based approaches are used for vehicle safety condition detection, then measurement capability is provided, but performance deteriorates in adverse weather conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses communication messages (BSMs) as an intermediary to transfer vehicle safety information between vehicles and infrastructure. Instead of relying on sensors to directly detect conditions, the system exchanges standardized messages containing position, speed, and safety-critical data, which are then processed to detect violations and hazards.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces sensor-based mechanical/detective systems with a communication-based information exchange system. Rather than using cameras, radar, or other sensors to physically detect vehicle states, the system substitutes these with V2V and V2I communication protocols that transmit digital representations of vehicle conditions.
2Measurement precision
If sensor-based detection methods are used, then vehicle safety conditions can be detected, but the system relies on assumptions about vehicle positions reducing accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
Communication messages serve as an accurate intermediary that directly conveys vehicle position and state information from the source vehicles, eliminating the need for detecting vehicles to make assumptions about position. The messages contain explicit position data that can be used for precise relative position calculation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements continuous feedback through periodic exchange of Basic Safety Messages between vehicles and infrastructure. This real-time information feedback loop allows all participants to maintain updated knowledge of vehicle positions and states, enabling accurate detection of safety violations without assumptions.
3Reliability
If connected vehicle technology is deployed, then accident prevention capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a universal communication infrastructure that handles multiple safety functions through a single standardized message exchange mechanism. The same V2V and V2I communication channels are used for detecting red-light violations, rear-end collision risks, head-on collision risks, and other hazards, eliminating the need for separate specialized systems for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments safety detection into distinct analytical components (red-light violation detection, rear-end collision detection, head-on collision detection) that all operate on the same communication infrastructure. This allows complex safety monitoring to be divided into manageable detection modules that process message data independently.
Data Source
AI summary
A connected vehicle may receive a communication from an object, such as a vehicle or infrastructure object. The communication may include information such as an object position. The vehicle may determine a distance from the vehicle to the object based on the communication. The vehicle may further evaluate a distance condition based on the distance. The vehicle may determine a relative angle of the object from the vehicle and evaluate a relative angle condition based on the relative angle. The vehicle may detect a vehicle safety condition based on the distance condition and the relative angle condition. A warning or signal may be provided to a vehicle driver based on the detected condition. Alternatively, or additionally, an automated vehicle maneuver may be performed based on the detected condition.