Connection Fitting Angular Threading for Low Pressure Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing connection fittings in drinking water systems experience excessive pressure loss and flow disruption when multiple ring lines are arranged in series, leading to inefficient flushing and potential stagnation of water flow, particularly when water is drawn from downstream consumers.
Innovation Solution
The connection fitting is designed with a threading opening at an angular position of no more than 75 degrees relative to the main flow direction, featuring a cross-sectional constriction with a uniformly curved radius and a funnel-shaped tube section, optimizing the flow velocity and pressure difference to minimize pressure loss, with specific ratios of diameters and angles that reduce turbulence and enhance flow continuity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the threading opening is positioned at a large angle (e.g., 90 degrees) relative to the main flow direction, then the ring line flow can be effectively introduced into the connection fitting, but excessive pressure loss occurs and flow disruption happens when multiple ring lines are arranged in series
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the angular parameter of the threading opening from the conventional 90 degrees to a range of 0-75 degrees relative to the main flow direction. This parameter modification optimizes the flow dynamics by reducing turbulence and pressure loss when ring line flow merges with the main flow, while ensuring continuous flow even when multiple connection fittings are arranged in series.
2Productivity
If a cross-sectional constriction acts like a Venturi nozzle to create pressure difference, then ring line flow is generated when there is flow in the strand, but excessive pressure loss occurs at each individual connection fitting
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the geometric parameters of the cross-sectional constriction and the angular position of the threading opening to optimize the pressure difference. By adjusting these parameters, the patent achieves the desired flushing effect through the ring main while minimizing the pressure difference at each individual connection fitting, allowing multiple fittings to be arranged in series without excessive cumulative pressure loss.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple connection fittings are arranged one behind the other in the main flow direction, then more consumers can be served, but the cumulative pressure loss causes the flow to come to a standstill
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the angular parameter of the threading opening to 0-75 degrees relative to the main flow direction, which significantly reduces the pressure loss at each individual connection fitting. This parameter optimization allows multiple connection fittings to be arranged in series to serve more consumers while preventing cumulative pressure loss from causing flow stagnation, as the reduced pressure loss per fitting accumulates to a much lower total loss.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design allows for reliable flushing of ring mains with minimal pressure difference across each fitting, ensuring continuous flow without excessive operating pressure, even when water is drawn from downstream consumers, by maintaining a low-pressure loss and streamlined flow return.
Implementation Method 1
a cross-sectional constriction that acts like a Venturi nozzle and causes a pressure difference between the branch and the threading opening, by means of which a flow is also generated in the ring line
Implementation Method 2
the threading channel leading to the threading opening has an angular position relative to the main flow direction of no more than 75 degrees... the flow is carried out with a relatively low pressure difference through each individual fitting... and when it is returned from the ring main to the line, it is fed back in a streamlined and low-loss manner
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
AI summary
The fitting for connecting a ring main to consumer units has an inlet (16) and outlet (17) allowing water to flow to the units and a branch (4) allowing connection to the ring main. The bore connecting the inlet and outlet has a constricted section (10) above the branch, producing a pressure difference between them.