Electrical Connector Impedance Matching via Differential Channel Capacitors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical connectors suffer from impedance mismatch between differential channels, leading to signal transmission loss during system testing.
Innovation Solution
An electrical connector design with impedance-matching capacitors connected between positive and negative differential traces in the second differential channel, ensuring that the distance between specific contacts is greater than between others, thereby matching impedances across channels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the distance between contacts in the second differential channel is increased to match impedance, then impedance matching is improved, but the channel length becomes unequal causing signal transmission delay
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the transmission channel by adding a capacitor in parallel with the second differential channel. This modifies the electrical characteristics (impedance, capacitance) of the channel to match the first differential channel, resolving the impedance mismatch caused by unequal contact distances.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor acts as an intermediary element that compensates for the impedance difference between the two differential channels. By introducing this intermediate component, the patent balances the electrical characteristics without requiring physical repositioning of contacts.
2Reliability
If contacts are arranged with unequal distances to achieve impedance matching, then impedance matching is improved, but signal transmission loss occurs due to channel asymmetry
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrical parameters of the second differential channel by adding a capacitor, changing its impedance characteristics to match the first channel. This parameter adjustment compensates for the asymmetry caused by unequal contact distances, reducing signal transmission loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor is预先 added to counteract the harmful effect of impedance mismatch before signal transmission occurs. This preliminary compensation prevents signal loss by establishing proper impedance matching in advance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively improves insertion and return loss within the specified frequency range, preventing signal loss during transmission by ensuring matched impedance across differential channels.
Implementation Method 1
A capacitor is connected the second positive differential trace to the second negative differential trace for matching impedance of the first differential channel
Data Source
AI summary
An electrical connector has a circuit comprising a first side; a second side; a first differential channel located between the first side and the second side and comprising a first positive differential trace and a first negative differential trace for transmitting first differential signal; a second differential channel located between the first side and the second side comprising a second positive differential trace and a second negative differential trace for transmitting second differential signal; and a plurality of mating contacts connected to the second side and comprising a first contact connected to the first positive differential trace, a second contact connected to the first negative differential trace, a third contact connected to the second positive differential trace and a sixth contact connected to the second negative differential trace, the first contact, the second contact, the third second and the sixth contact are arranged one by one.