Consolidated Multilayered GRIN Optical Materials

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses face challenges in achieving high transparency and low optical scattering due to internal structure inclusions and material limitations, leading to reduced functionality and increased complexity in manufacturing.

Innovation Solution

The development of consolidated multilayered GRIN optical materials using coextruded polymer films with alternating layers of specific polymer blends, which are then stacked and consolidated to form a hierarchical structure, allowing for a continuous refractive index gradient and high optical transmission while minimizing intralayer polymer domains.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If nanolayered coextrusion of polymer materials is used to produce transparent films with tailorable refractive index, then the refractive index can be customized, but internal scatter inclusions resulting from the nanolayered film structure and bonding can result in loss of GRIN optic functionality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefractive index tailoringVSAvoidoptical transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the polymer materials by selecting specific polymer combinations (e.g., PMMA and cycloolefin polymer) with complementary refractive indices and processing characteristics. The consolidation process parameters (temperature, pressure, time) are optimized to achieve complete bonding without creating scatter inclusions, thus maintaining high optical transmission while enabling refractive index tailoring through the nanolayered structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses composite polymer materials consisting of multiple polymer layers with different refractive indices. By coextruding alternating layers of polymers like PMMA and cycloolefin polymer, the patent creates a nanolayered composite structure that achieves tailorable effective refractive index while maintaining optical clarity. The composite nature allows independent optimization of each layer's material properties to prevent scatter inclusions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If axial gradient lens blanks are used to reduce spherical and chromatic aberrations, then aberration-free lenses can be produced, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex and requires multiple steps such as SOL-GEL, infusion, or diffusion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaberration correctionVSAvoidmanufacturing process
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary action by creating the gradient refractive index structure directly during the coextrusion process itself, rather than requiring subsequent diffusion or infusion steps. The nanolayered structure is built into the lens blank during initial film formation, and the gradient is established by controlling the layer thickness and material composition in advance, eliminating the need for complex post-processing steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the gradient index creation step from the complex multi-step processes (SOL-GEL, infusion, diffusion) and integrates it directly into the coextrusion process. By taking out the gradient formation function and combining it with the layering process, the patent simplifies the overall manufacturing while maintaining aberration correction capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Adaptability or versatility

If thin GRIN lenses with thickness down to 0.02 mm are produced, then the focal length and working distance can be varied, but the manufacturing precision and control of internal structure become more challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefocal length variationVSAvoidthickness control
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses parameter changes in the coextrusion process to achieve precise thickness control. By adjusting extrusion speed, layer thickness ratios, and material flow rates, the patent can produce ultra-thin lenses (0.02 mm) with precise gradient profiles. The nanolayered structure allows fine-tuning of the effective refractive index through layer thickness parameters, enabling focal length variation while maintaining manufacturing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in GRIN lenses with improved optical transmission and reduced scattering, enabling the production of high-quality optical components with customizable refractive index distributions, suitable for various imaging applications.

Implementation Method 1

consolidated multilayered GRIN optical materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat treatment: Heat Treatment

Implementation Method 2

consolidated multilayered GRIN optical materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 3

In a gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens there is a continuous variation of the refractive index within the lens material. The light rays are continuously bent within the lens.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 4

Gradient refractive index (GRIN) optics

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGradient refractive index:

Data Source

PatentUS8902508B2Consolidated multilayered gradient refractive index optical materials
Publication Date: 2014.12.02 POLYMERPLUS LLC
  • US8902508B2 patent drawing
  • US8902508B2 patent drawing
  • US8902508B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A consolidated multilayered GRIN optical material includes a multilayered composite GRIN sheet that includes a plurality of consolidated coextruded multilayered polymer films. Each of the multilayered polymer films includes a plurality of at least two alternating layers (A) and (B). Layer (A) includes a first blend of polymer components and layer (B) includes a second blend of polymer components. The multilayered composite GRIN sheet has an external optical transmission of at least 80% at a wavelength of 633 nm measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy and is free of intralayer polymer domains at least 1 micron size scale in any dimension.