Constant Force Spring for Firearm Breechblock Recoil Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional firearms with return springs experience increasing resistance during recoil, leading to discomfort and instability for the user, as the resistance force is not constant, and the production of torsion springs is complex with non-constant tensile force.

Innovation Solution

A firearm utilizing a constant force return spring, composed of a flat ribbon wound in a spiral form with contiguous turns, mounted between the breech and a fixed support, providing a consistent resistance force during recoil, and protected within a casing for durability and compactness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Force

If a conventional compression spring is used as the return spring, then the breech can be returned to its closed position, but the resistance increases progressively during recoil movement requiring increasing force

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresistance forceVSAvoidrecoil operation
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the force characteristic parameter of the return spring from progressive (compression spring) to constant (torsion spring). The torsion spring is designed with a specific geometry where the moment arm varies in inverse proportion to the spring deflection, maintaining a constant torque throughout the recoil movement. This resolves the contradiction by providing consistent resistance force that does not increase progressively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a dynamic element (the torsion spring's rotational movement) to achieve a static outcome (constant resistance force). As the breech recoils, the torsion spring rotates around its axis, and the varying lever arm length dynamically compensates for the changing spring deflection, maintaining constant force throughout the motion range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of operation

If a torsion spring is used as the return spring, then constant resistance force is achieved, but the spring is complicated to produce with non-constant tensile force

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverecoil operationVSAvoidspring production
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent specifies precise geometric parameters for the torsion spring (arm length, width, thickness, spiral configuration) that can be manufactured using standard metal forming processes. The constant force characteristic is achieved through carefully controlled dimensional parameters rather than complex manufacturing steps, making the spring producible with conventional techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If the return spring resistance is constant, then user comfort and stability are improved, but the spring requires a different mounting system compared to conventional springs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuser comfortVSAvoidspring mounting
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the mounting system to serve multiple functions: it provides the pivot axis for the torsion spring, anchors the spring ends, and integrates with the existing breech and stock structure. The mounting brackets and pivot points are designed to be incorporated into standard firearm components, reducing overall device complexity despite the different spring type.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The constant force return spring enhances user comfort and stability by maintaining a consistent resistance force, reducing the effort required for rearming and improving the overall handling of the firearm.

Implementation Method 1

the return spring is a tension spring of the so-called constant force type which is mounted between the breech and a support fixed with respect to the carcass and the barrel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP2664888B1Firearm with improved rearming
Publication Date: 2016.06.08 BROWNING INTERNATIONAL SA
  • EP2664888B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2664888B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2664888B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Firearm comprising a frame (2); a barrel (6) mounted with one end on the frame (2); a breechblock (8) provided with a cocking handle (9) and mounted in a sliding manner in the frame (2); at least one return spring (15) for returning the breechblock (8) to the closed position, characterized in that the return spring (15) is a constant force type tension spring which is mounted between the breechblock (8) and a support (12) fixed relative to the frame and the barrel.