Contact Filter Block Porous Structure via Foaming Extrusion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing contact filter blocks do not effectively enhance the surface area and material efficiency of structural elements, limiting bacterial growth and decomposition efficiency in wastewater treatment.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a heating and pressurizing unit with a foaming additive to create a mesh-type tubular structure, which is then cooled and cut into discrete elements or corrugated plates, increasing the surface area and reducing material usage, allowing for enhanced bacterial growth and decomposition.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of moving object

If conventional extrusion methods are used to produce contact filter blocks, then the production process is simple, but the surface area is insufficient and material efficiency is low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface areaVSAvoidproduction process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies porous materials by incorporating a foaming additive into the granulate material that generates gas during heating, creating a porous internal structure within the extruded elements. This increases the effective surface area available for bacterial growth without significantly increasing the external dimensions or material consumption, directly resolving the contradiction between surface area and material efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes physical parameters by heating the granulate material to temperatures above the melting point of the foaming additive (second melting point) but controlled to remain below or at the first melting point of the main polymer. This parameter control enables the foaming additive to expand and create porous structure while maintaining the structural integrity of the extruded elements, achieving increased surface area without compromising production simplicity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Area of moving object

If more material is used to increase surface area, then bacterial growth capacity improves, but material cost and waste increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface area for bacterial growthVSAvoidmaterial usage
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of moving objectVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

By creating a porous internal structure through the foaming additive, the patent increases the effective surface area within the same material volume. The gas bubbles created during extrusion form numerous small cavities and channels that provide extensive surface area for bacterial attachment without requiring additional material, thus resolving the contradiction between surface area and material quantity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The porous structure created by the foaming additive effectively nests additional surface area within the existing material volume. The gas bubbles are embedded within the polymer matrix during extrusion, creating a hierarchical structure where the external dimensions remain the same but the internal surface area is dramatically increased, achieving more bacterial growth capacity per unit of material

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Productivity

If the granulate material is heated above the first melting point, then the foaming additive expands effectively, but the structural integrity of the extrudate may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefoaming efficiencyVSAvoidstructural integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent precisely controls the heating parameter to exceed the second melting point (foaming additive) while maintaining temperature at or below the first melting point (main polymer). This selective parameter control allows the foaming additive to expand and create porous structure while the main polymer remains solid and provides structural integrity, resolving the contradiction between foaming efficiency and structural strength

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite material system where the granulate material contains both the main polymer matrix and the foaming additive with different melting points. This composite structure enables differential response to heating: the foaming additive melts and expands to create pores while the main polymer maintains its solid state and structural function, achieving both productivity and strength

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method increases the surface area by 10-50% and reduces material usage by 20-50%, supporting rapid bacterial growth and efficient decomposition of waste in water treatment.

Implementation Method 1

heating the granulate material to an elevated temperature and pressurising the granulate material to an elevated pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

pressurising the granulate material to an elevated pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure increase: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 3

heating the granulate material within the extruder heating unit to a temperature above the first melting point and at or above the second melting point and producing a melted material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Implementation Method 4

cooling the extruded mesh-type tubular structure by the cooling unit according to a specific cooling profile thereby stopping or halting expansion of the melted material and/or the foaming additive and locking or fixating the porous structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCooling: Cooling

Data Source

PatentEP1871520B1A method of producing structural elements of a contact filter block and a contact filter block
Publication Date: 2014.07.09 EXPO NET DANMARK
  • EP1871520B1 patent drawingFigure 1a
  • EP1871520B1 patent drawingFigure 1b
  • EP1871520B1 patent drawingFigure 1c

AI summary

A method of producing a contact filter block comprising the steps of supplying a granulate material to a heating and pressurising unit from a reservoir conveying the granulate material along a path of travel, heating the granulate material and pressurising the granulate material to an elevated pressure while conveying the granulate material along the path in a heating and pressurising unit, the heating and pressurising being performed according to a specific heating and pressurising profile, transferring the heated and pressurised granulate material to the extruder unit, heating the granulate material within the extruder to a temperature, extruding the mesh-type structural structure from the granulate material, the heating of the granulate material causing an expansion of a foaming additive causing the mesh- type structural structure to obtain a porous structure, cooling the extruded mesh- type structural structure by means of a cooling unit according to a specific cooling profile thereby stopping or halting expansion of the granulate material and/or the foaming additive and locking or fixating the porous structure of the mesh-type structural structure, and cutting the mesh-type structural elements using a measuring and cutting unit.