Contactless Current Shaping for Electromagnetic Disturbance Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Contactless devices like RFID smartcards experience variable current consumption during CPU computations, leading to electromagnetic emissions that can interfere with RF communications, misinterpreted by readers as communication attempts.
Innovation Solution
A contactless electronic system with a current monitor and dynamic extra current loader maintains a constant total current consumption by comparing the processor's drawn current with a determined maximal current, loading an extra current to match the difference, and adjusting power consumption or clocking to prevent supply collapse.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the processing system performs intensive CPU computations, then the computational capability is improved, but the electromagnetic emissions increase and interfere with RF communications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary current loading mechanism that acts as a mediator between the processing system and the electromagnetic environment. A current monitor measures the processing system's current consumption, and an extra current loader injects compensating current to maintain constant total current draw. This intermediary mechanism isolates the harmful electromagnetic emissions from the communication system, allowing high-performance computation without interfering with RF communications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically changes the current parameter to maintain it at a constant level despite varying processing workload. The current monitor continuously measures the processing system's current consumption, and the extra current loader adjusts the total current draw to remain constant at the predetermined level. This parameter change approach ensures that electromagnetic emissions remain stable and do not interfere with communication phases.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the current consumption varies with CPU activity, then the processing flexibility is improved, but the electromagnetic emissions become unstable and cause communication interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the current monitor continuously measures the processing system's current consumption and feeds this information back to the extra current loader. The extra current loader then adjusts its current injection based on this feedback to maintain constant total current draw. This closed-loop feedback system allows the processing system to be flexible in its workload while maintaining stable electromagnetic emissions for communication.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic current loading that adapts to the processing system's varying needs. The current monitor dynamically measures current consumption during different CPU activity levels, and the extra current loader dynamically adjusts its compensation accordingly. This dynamic approach maintains constant total current and stable electromagnetic emissions while allowing the processing system to freely adapt to different computational tasks.
3Stability of the object's composition
If the total current is kept constant, then the electromagnetic emissions are stabilized, but the device complexity increases due to additional monitoring and loading components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service mechanism where the current monitor automatically measures the processing system's current consumption and the extra current loader automatically injects the required compensation current. This self-regulating system maintains constant total current and stable electromagnetic emissions without requiring external intervention or complex control logic, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the current monitoring and compensation functions into separate dedicated components (current monitor and extra current loader). By isolating these functions, the main processing system remains simple and flexible, while the complexity is contained in dedicated auxiliary components that handle the electromagnetic stability requirement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly reduces electromagnetic disturbances, ensuring stable communication with the reader by maintaining consistent electromagnetic emissions despite varying processor loads.
Implementation Method 1
a power supply (203) harvesting energy from the electromagnetic field provided by the reader
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a contactless electronic system configured for contactless communications with a reader over an electromagnetic field and comprising a power supply, a current monitor, a processing system comprising a hardware processor configured for performing operations, a dynamic extra current loader and a clock generator. The current monitor is configured for determining maximal current Imax that can be provided by the power supply to the processing system from the electromagnetic field, and is configured for comparing, during an execution phase of said hardware processor, said determined maximal current Imax and a current drawn by the processing system.