Containerized single-phase liquid immersion cooling system
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current air cooling methods for server heat dissipation are inefficient due to low density and specific heat capacity of air, and liquid cooling solutions like two-phase oil cooling are costly and require high airtightness, making it challenging to achieve effective heat dissipation at a low cost.
Innovation Solution
A containerized single-phase liquid immersion cooling system comprising a tank unit, power distribution unit, plate heat exchanger unit, and control unit, with a liquid cooling system outside the container, utilizing a bypass pipe for waste heat recovery and modular design for efficient assembly and maintenance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If air cooling is used for server heat dissipation, then the system is simple and cost-effective, but the heat dissipation efficiency is insufficient due to low density and specific heat capacity of air
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from air cooling to liquid cooling by introducing a liquid cooling medium (water or other liquids) that circulates through heat exchangers in contact with server components. The liquid medium has higher density and specific heat capacity than air, enabling significantly improved heat dissipation efficiency while maintaining system feasibility through standardized liquid cooling components
2Use of energy by moving object
If water-cooled plate-type liquid cooling is implemented, then heat dissipation efficiency is improved, but the design threshold is high requiring integration with PCB
Solution Approach 1:
The patent separates the cooling function from the server hardware design by introducing an independent liquid cooling system with external heat exchangers. Instead of integrating cooling channels into PCBs, the system uses separate cooling plates and fluid circulation loops that can be applied to existing servers without modifying their internal structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a liquid cooling medium as an intermediary between the server heat sources and the cooling system. The liquid circulates through heat exchangers that contact server components, transferring heat without requiring direct integration between cooling channels and PCB traces, thus simplifying the design threshold
3Use of energy by moving object
If two-phase oil cooling is used, then heat dissipation capability is enhanced, but the cost is very high and high airtightness is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the phase state parameter of the cooling medium by using single-phase liquid cooling instead of two-phase cooling involving evaporation and condensation. This eliminates the need for high airtightness to contain vapor and reduces system complexity while maintaining effective heat dissipation through liquid circulation and convection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adopts a simpler, more cost-effective liquid cooling system using readily available liquids (water, mineral oil, or synthetic fluids) in an open or semi-open circulation system. This replaces expensive two-phase oil cooling systems that require specialized containment, monitoring, and maintenance infrastructure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides efficient heat dissipation, reduces energy consumption, and allows for easy maintenance, with a wide environmental operating range, enabling overclocking and effective heat recovery for various applications.
Implementation Method 1
The plate heat exchanger unit serves as a heat exchange center to cool the tank unit
Implementation Method 2
The liquid cooling system is configured to cool a secondary-side medium from the plate heat exchanger unit and dissipate heat to an external environment
Implementation Method 3
A plurality of computational power servers are placed in each tank containing a cooling liquid, and the tank serves as a place for heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the computational power servers
Data Source
AI summary
A containerized single-phase liquid immersion cooling system includes a tank unit, a power distribution unit, a plate heat exchanger unit and a control unit that are disposed within a container, and a liquid cooling system disposed outside the container. A plurality of computational power servers are placed in each tank containing a cooling liquid, and the tank serves as a place for heat exchange between a cooling liquid and the computational power servers. The liquid cooling system is configured to cool a secondary-side medium from the plate heat exchanger unit. A bypass pipe is disposed between the plate heat exchanger unit and the liquid cooling system. The secondary-side medium in the bypass pipe serves as a heat source and is communicated with an external device through a hot water outlet to recover waste heat, and the medium cooled after waste heat utilization returns to a primary-side pipe.