Content Delivery System Unicast Multicast Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current multicast routing technologies reactively switch between unicast and multicast modes based on usage thresholds, leading to inefficient use of network resources and potential data replication, as they do not proactively manage demand for content delivery.

Innovation Solution

A method that monitors requests and predicts future demand for content, using a unicast-to-multicast switching algorithm to autonomously initiate multicast streaming when trigger conditions are met, including consolidating session requests across multiple servers and transitioning unicast streams to multicast, thereby optimizing network resource allocation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If unicast transmission is used for content delivery, then each host receives individual data streams ensuring dedicated service, but network bandwidth is wasted through data replication across multiple unicast streams

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvededicated service qualityVSAvoidnetwork bandwidth utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple unicast streams into a single multicast stream when demand thresholds are met. The system monitors request counts for content items and transitions from unicast to multicast transmission mode when the number of simultaneous requests exceeds a predefined threshold, thereby combining multiple individual data flows into one efficient stream that serves multiple hosts concurrently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically changes the transmission mode parameter based on demand conditions. The system adjusts the delivery mechanism by switching between unicast and multicast modes according to real-time request monitoring, changing the fundamental parameter of data stream architecture from individual dedicated streams to shared group streams when conditions warrant.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If multicast transmission is used for content delivery, then network bandwidth is optimized by eliminating data replication, but network resource allocation complexity increases due to need for demand prediction and mode switching

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork bandwidth utilizationVSAvoidnetwork resource allocation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary monitoring and threshold-based triggering to simplify the switching decision process. The system pre-establishes demand thresholds and continuously monitors request counts, automatically triggering the unicast-to-multicast transition when thresholds are exceeded, thereby eliminating the need for complex real-time optimization algorithms and reducing allocation complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the system monitors content request patterns and uses this information to dynamically adjust transmission mode. The monitoring component provides continuous feedback on demand levels, which feeds into the switching logic to determine whether unicast or multicast mode should be active, creating a closed-loop control system that adapts to changing conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Ease of operation

If reactive threshold-based switching is used between unicast and multicast modes, then simple decision logic is maintained, but network resources are not optimized due to lack of proactive demand management

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching decision simplicityVSAvoidnetwork resource allocation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by establishing predetermined demand thresholds that trigger mode switching. Rather than using complex real-time analysis, the system pre-sets threshold values for content popularity and request rates, allowing simple comparative logic to determine when switching from unicast to multicast is appropriate, maintaining operational simplicity while improving resource efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-service through automatic mode switching based on monitored conditions. The switching mechanism autonomously transitions between unicast and multicast modes based on demand thresholds without requiring manual intervention or complex external control, thereby maintaining simplicity while achieving adaptive optimization of network resource allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP2979422B1Content delivery system and method
Publication Date: 2019.06.12 BRITISH TELECOM PLC
  • EP2979422B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2979422B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2979422B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A method of distributing content from a source in a content delivery network, the method comprising: monitoring requests for delivery of an item of content; obtaining a prediction of future demand in respect of the said content; applying a unicast-to-multicast switching decision algorithm, the switching decision algorithm taking into account the prediction of future demand and arranged to determine whether at least one trigger condition is met; and, dependent on the outcome of the unicast-to-multicast switching decision algorithm, initiating the transition of a plurality of unicast data streams to a multicast data stream in respect of the item of content.