Control Valve Opening Cross Section for Piston Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional control valves for oil spray nozzles in internal combustion engines fail to provide adequate lubricant supply and cooling to pistons across all operating situations, leading to accumulation effects at high loads and insufficient oil supply at low speeds.
Innovation Solution
A control valve that adjusts its opening cross-section based on engine speed and lubricant pressure, reducing the lubricant flow at high pressures to prevent congestion and increasing it at medium pressures for optimal cooling, using a spring-loaded piston mechanism to move between different positions and control the flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the nozzle is designed to provide sufficient lubricant supply at low speeds, then the piston cooling is adequate at low speeds, but accumulation effects occur at high loads
Solution Approach 1:
The control valve dynamically adjusts the opening cross-section based on engine speed and lubricant pressure. At low speeds, the valve maintains a larger opening to ensure sufficient lubricant supply, while at high speeds, it reduces the opening to prevent accumulation effects. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction between adequate supply at low speeds and preventing accumulation at high speeds.
Solution Approach 2:
The control valve changes the flow parameter (opening cross-section) based on operating conditions. By varying the opening cross-section according to engine speed and pressure, the system adapts the lubricant quantity to match actual cooling needs, preventing both insufficient supply and harmful accumulation effects across different operating ranges.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the nozzle is designed to prevent accumulation effects at high loads, then congestion is avoided, but insufficient oil supply occurs at low speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The control valve dynamically adjusts the opening cross-section based on engine speed and lubricant pressure. At high speeds, the valve reduces the opening to prevent accumulation and congestion effects, while at low speeds, it maintains a larger opening to ensure sufficient oil supply. This dynamic behavior resolves the contradiction between preventing congestion and ensuring adequate supply.
Solution Approach 2:
The control valve varies the flow parameter (opening cross-section) according to operating conditions. By reducing the opening at high loads to prevent congestion and maintaining it at low speeds for adequate supply, the system adapts to different operating requirements and resolves the contradiction between avoiding congestion and ensuring sufficient supply.
3Device complexity
If a fixed opening cross-section is used, then the valve structure is simple, but the piston cannot be cooled as required in all operating situations
Solution Approach 1:
The control valve uses a dynamic opening cross-section that automatically adjusts based on engine speed and lubricant pressure. The control piston moves between different positions (first, second, and third) to vary the opening area, enabling the valve to adapt to different operating situations while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The control valve changes the opening cross-section parameter according to operating conditions (engine speed and pressure). By varying the opening area between different positions, the valve achieves adaptability to different operating situations without requiring a completely complex structure, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and versatility.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If the opening cross-section is reduced at high pressures, then accumulation effects are prevented, but the lubricant flow must be precisely controlled
Solution Approach 1:
The control valve dynamically adjusts the opening cross-section at high pressures to prevent accumulation effects. The control piston automatically moves to appropriate positions based on pressure conditions, and the valve design incorporates flow control features that manage the precision requirements through its mechanical structure and control logic.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures a needs-based, engine speed-dependent lubricant supply that prevents accumulation effects and ensures sufficient cooling while avoiding excessive oil throughput, maintaining a constant lubricant throughput at high pressures.
Implementation Method 1
a spring-loaded control piston is displaced, as a result of which an opening is released through which the oil can then reach the piston via the nozzle
Implementation Method 2
the control valve reduces an opening cross section through which the lubricant is supplied to the lubricant spray nozzle, compared to a medium engine speed range or medium pressures of the supplied lubricant, to throttle the lubricant flow
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a control valve for a lubricant nozzle, in particular for an oil spray nozzle, for cooling a piston of an internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to a lubricant nozzle and a lubricant supply device for a reciprocating engine of a motor vehicle. The control valve (1) comprises at least one passage opening (2) through which lubricant can flow; a control element movable in a respective direction of movement, which, depending on its position, forms an opening cross-section (5) with the passage opening (2) for at least partial opening or closing of the passage opening (2); and an actuating element by means of which the control element can be moved, depending on the pressure of the lubricant, between at least a first position at a first pressure, a second position at a second pressure, and a third position at a third pressure of the lubricant.Here, the second pressure is greater than the first pressure and less than the third pressure; the opening cross-section formed in the second position is larger than the opening cross-sections in the first and third positions.