Controlled-Porosity Chromatographic Particles for High-pH Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chromatographic materials face challenges in achieving controlled porosity and chromatographically enhanced pore geometry, leading to issues such as low efficiency, mechanical instability, and incompatibility with high pH mobile phases.
Innovation Solution
Development of chromatographic materials with controlled porosity and pore geometry, comprising a chromatographic core material with one or more layers of surface material, utilizing inorganic or organic hybrid materials, and nanoparticles to create a predetermined pattern of pore diameter, surface area, and volume across the material's surface.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If organic chromatographic materials are used, then chemical stability against strongly alkaline and strongly acidic mobile phases is improved, but column efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining an inorganic core (silica or glass) with an organic porous coating layer. This composite structure allows the inorganic core to provide mechanical strength and chemical stability, while the organic coating provides the chromatographic separation functionality with high efficiency, thus resolving the contradiction between chemical stability and column efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating a superficially porous structure where only the outer shell (5-50 nm thick) is porous while the core remains non-porous. This localized porosity at the surface provides high column efficiency for chromatographic separations, while the dense core maintains chemical stability and mechanical strength
2Adaptability or versatility
If organic chromatographic materials are used, then flexibility in the choice of mobile phase pH is improved, but mechanical strength deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure with inorganic core and organic coating allows the inorganic core to provide mechanical strength while the organic coating provides pH flexibility, resolving the contradiction between mechanical strength and adaptability to different mobile phase conditions
Solution Approach 2:
By confining the organic material to a thin superficial porous layer (5-50 nm) on the inorganic core, the patent maintains the mechanical strength of the inorganic core while providing the chemical flexibility of organic materials at the surface for mobile phase compatibility
3Adaptability or versatility
If organic chromatographic materials are used, then flexibility in mobile phase composition is improved, but mechanical stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The composite material structure combines the mechanical stability of inorganic cores with the compositional flexibility of organic coating materials, allowing the system to withstand mechanical stress while adapting to various mobile phase compositions
Solution Approach 2:
The thin organic coating layer (5-50 nm) on the inorganic core provides flexibility in mobile phase composition compatibility while the dense inorganic core maintains mechanical stability, resolving the contradiction between adaptability and stability
4Productivity
If conventional superficially porous particles are used, then column performance is improved, but controlled porosity and pore geometry are not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by systematically varying the thickness of the porous shell (5-50 nm), the pore size (2-50 nm), and the composition ratio of inorganic core to organic coating to achieve controlled porosity and optimized pore geometry, thereby improving column performance while maintaining manufacturing precision
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention provides novel chromatographic materials, e.g., for chromatographic separations, processes for their preparation and separations devices containing the chromatographic materials. The chromatograpich materials of the invention have controlled porosity and comprise a chromatographic core material and one or more layers of chromatographic surface material which each independently provide an average pore diameter, an average pore volume, or a specific surface area such that the combined layers form a chromatographic material having a predetermined or desired pattern of porosity from the core material to the outermost surfece. The materials are useful for HPLC separations, normal-phase selarations, reversed -phase separations, chiral separations, HILIC separations, SFC separations, affinity separations, perfusive separations, partially perfusive separations, and SEC separations.