Modular Multi-Level Converter Sub-Module With Bidirectional Switching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing multilevel converters face limitations in carrying peak currents and generating negative voltage levels, with voltage states often linked to the charge state of capacitors, leading to inefficiencies and increased control effort.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a sub-module with a half-bridge, series connection unit, and bidirectionally switchable switching device, allowing for independent current switching and freewheeling paths, enabling higher peak current handling and voltage modulation independent of capacitor charge states.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If sub-modules use simple series connection of half and full bridges, then device complexity is reduced, but peak current handling capability is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesub-module structureVSAvoidpeak current handling capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The sub-module is divided into functionally independent units: half-bridge circuit, series connection unit with switching elements, and bidirectionally switchable switching device. Each unit can operate independently to handle different current directions and voltage levels, enabling the system to carry higher peak currents while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Ease of operation

If voltage states are linked to capacitor charge states, then control effort increases, but voltage level generation is simplified

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol effortVSAvoidvoltage state management
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The bidirectionally switchable switching device enables dynamic voltage level generation that is independent of capacitor charge states. The switching device can actively generate negative voltage levels and modulate voltage states regardless of capacitor charging status, reducing control effort by decoupling voltage state management from capacitor charge state dependency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operational parameters by introducing bidirectional switching capability that allows voltage levels to be modulated independently of capacitor charge states. This parameter change enables the system to generate negative voltage levels and adjust voltage states without being constrained by capacitor charging conditions, thereby reducing control complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If sub-modules cannot generate negative voltage levels, then device structure is simpler, but application versatility is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage level generation capabilityVSAvoidsub-module configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The bidirectionally switchable switching device provides multi-functionality by enabling both positive and negative voltage level generation within the same sub-module configuration. This universal switching capability allows the sub-module to adapt to various operating conditions and application requirements without requiring different hardware configurations, thereby increasing versatility while maintaining reasonable structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3308456B1Modular multi-level converter and sub-module for a multi-level converter
Publication Date: 2020.10.14 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3308456B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3308456B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3308456B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to, inter alia, a modular multi-level converter having at least one sub-module series circuit (UE) comprising at least two sub-modules (T) connected in series and an inductance. According to the invention, at least one of the sub-modules (T) comprises: a half bridge (100) which forms an input connection (Et) of the sub-module (T) and has a first and a second half bridge output connection (101, 102); a series circuit unit (300) that is connected to the first half bridge output connection (101) by a first connection (301), and to the second half bridge output connection (102) by a second connection (302), wherein the series circuit unit (300) comprises a first and a second switch unit (310, 320) as well as a capacitor (C2), and the electrical connection point (V300) between the two switch units (310, 320) of the series circuit unit (300) forms an output connection (At) of the sub-module (T); and a bidirectionally switchable switch device (200) that can activate and deactivate current regardless of the current flow direction, and having a connection (A200) at the output connection (At) of the sub-module (T), and having another connection (E200) at the second half bridge output connection (102), and is thereby connected to the second connection (302) of the series circuit unit (300).