Seat device that can convert state of seat
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional rotating seat devices in railroad cars lack a reclining mechanism, which restricts the expansion of aisle width and compromises seating comfort, as the backrest cannot be tilted without interfering with the wall, even in the cross state where it does not interfere with the wall.
Innovation Solution
A seat device with a reclining mechanism that allows the backrest to tilt, integrated with a lock mechanism to disable reclining in the specific long state, ensuring the backrest remains upright and preventing interference with the wall, while enabling reclining in the cross state to enhance comfort.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a reclining mechanism is added to allow backrest tilting, then seating comfort is improved, but the backrest may interfere with the wall in the long state
Solution Approach 1:
The lock mechanism applies preliminary anti-action by preventing the backrest from tilting when the seat is in the long state. The lock mechanism detects the seat orientation and blocks the reclining mechanism's operation, thereby preventing potential interference with the wall before it can occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the availability of the reclining function based on the seat's operational state. The lock mechanism transitions between locked and unlocked states depending on whether the seat is in the long state or cross state, allowing the backrest to be tiltable only when safe (in cross state) and non-tiltable when potentially harmful (in long state).
2Area of stationary object
If the rotation axis is located near the wall in the long state to expand aisle width, then aisle space is improved, but the backrest cannot be tilted
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses dynamic state-dependent control where the lock mechanism's engagement status changes based on the seat's rotational position. In the long state, the lock is engaged to prevent tilting and maintain optimal aisle width. In the cross state, the lock disengages to allow tilting, thus dynamically adapting the backrest's degrees of freedom to the current operational context.
Solution Approach 2:
The lock mechanism provides localized control over the backrest's tilting capability. Rather than making the entire reclining mechanism permanently fixed or permanently movable, the local quality of the backrest's mobility is adjusted based on the specific operational state (long state vs. cross state), allowing optimal performance in each configuration.
3Ease of operation
If the reclining mechanism is always enabled, then seating comfort is maximized, but interference with the wall occurs in the long state
Solution Approach 1:
The lock mechanism implements a feedback control system that monitors the seat's rotational state and accordingly controls the availability of the reclining function. When the seat is detected to be in the long state, the lock mechanism receives feedback and engages to prevent tilting. When in the cross state, the lock disengages to allow tilting, thus ensuring reliable prevention of wall interference while maximizing comfort when safe.
Data Source
AI summary
A seat device that can reliably regulates a reclining operation when in a long state where a back of a seat is along a wall. The seat device (10) that can convert the state of the seat (1) includes a reclining mechanism (50) that can tilt a backrest (3) of the seat (1), wherein an operation of tilting the backrest (3) by the reclining mechanism (50) is disabled when the seat (1) is in the long state.