Convex Inner Bearing Geometry for Variable-Pitch Compressor Vanes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing adjustable guide vanes in gas turbines experience increased point and surface loads in the inner bearing sections, leading to undesirable wear due to force transmission issues.

Innovation Solution

A variable-pitch guide vane design with a radially inner bearing section as a journal having a convex circumferential surface with a radius of curvature at least twice the maximum diameter of the bearing section, allowing for partial-surface contact and optimized load distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a spherical or cylindrical inner bearing section is used, then the guide vane can be rotatably mounted, but force transmission leads to increased point loads and surface loads causing undesirable wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverotational mounting capabilityVSAvoidwear
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The inner bearing section is designed with a convex circumferential surface having a radius of curvature at least twice the maximum diameter of the bearing section. This specific curvature geometry transforms the contact pattern from point or full-surface contact to partial-surface contact, distributing loads more effectively and reducing wear while maintaining rotational capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Stability of the object's composition

If full-surface contact is achieved between the bearing section and sliding bearing, then stability is improved, but surface loads increase leading to increased wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebearing stabilityVSAvoidwear
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The convex circumferential surface with its specific radius of curvature creates optimal partial-surface contact that balances stability and wear reduction. The curvature is designed to be large enough to prevent point contact but small enough to avoid full-surface contact, achieving the ideal intermediate state

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If point contact is achieved, then wear is reduced, but the bearing section becomes unstable during operation

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovewearVSAvoidoperational stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The convex circumferential surface geometry provides a medium between point and full-surface contact. The specific radius of curvature ensures sufficient contact area for stability while maintaining low contact pressure to minimize wear, resolving the contradiction between these two requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Data Source

PatentEP4177444B1Variable-pitch vane with convex radially inner bearing section for a gas turbine, especially for an aviation gas turbine
Publication Date: 2026.01.07 MTU AERO ENGINES GMBH
  • EP4177444B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4177444B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A variable displacement guide vane (50) for a compressor (16), in particular a high-pressure compressor (29), of a gas turbine (10), in particular an aviation gas turbine, is described, comprising a radially outer bearing section (56), a radially inner bearing section (52), and a blade section (54) extending radially (RR) between the outer bearing section (56) and the inner bearing section (52), wherein the outer and inner bearing sections (52, 56) are designed such that the variable displacement guide vane (50) can be rotatably mounted about a blade axis (SA) in the compressor (16, 29), and wherein the radially inner bearing section (52) is designed as a journal and has a circumferential surface (58) with respect to the blade axis (SA), which is convex. It is provided that the radius of curvature (KR) of the convex surface (58) is at least twice the maximum diameter (DM) of the bearing section (52).Furthermore, a gas turbine with several such adjustable guide vanes (50) is described.