Coolant Nozzle Plenum Design for Cutting Edge Heat Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing coolant delivery systems for metal cutting tools are inadequate in reducing heat load on the cutting edge, leading to decreased tool lifetime.
Innovation Solution
A nozzle design with a plenum chamber and specific cross-sectional area ratios for inlet and outlet openings that increases coolant pressure at the cutting edge, enhancing chip breaking properties and reducing friction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If coolant fluid is delivered through the tool holder and coolant nozzles at high pressure, then the coolant delivery system is simple, but the ability to reduce heat load on the cutting edge is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is divided into multiple functional segments: inlet openings, plenum chamber, outlet openings, and internal coolant channels. This segmentation allows each part to perform its specific function optimally - the plenum chamber accumulates coolant while the channels direct it precisely to the cutting edge, thereby increasing cooling effectiveness without significantly increasing overall system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The plenum chamber acts as an intermediary element between the inlet and outlet of the nozzle. It receives coolant from the inlet openings, builds up pressure, and then directs it through the internal coolant channels to the cutting edge. This intermediary structure enables pressure buildup and precise directional control of the coolant flow, improving heat load reduction capability
2Stress or pressure
If the total cross-sectional area of inlet openings is larger than the total cross-sectional area of outlet openings, then coolant pressure at the cutting edge increases, but the nozzle structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the cross-sectional area parameter of the inlet and outlet openings to optimize coolant pressure. By designing inlet openings with a larger total cross-sectional area than outlet openings, the system creates a pressure increase effect that delivers higher pressure coolant to the cutting edge, directly addressing the pressure requirement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The increased coolant pressure improves tool life by reducing heat load and friction, thereby extending the tool's operational lifespan.
Implementation Method 1
the plenum chamber will be filled with coolant fluid which will increase the fluid pressure in the subsequent internal outlet channels and thereby also at the coolant outlets
Implementation Method 2
By providing coolant fluid with an increased pressure towards the cutting edge, the chip breaking properties of the coolant fluid will increase, which will contribute to reducing the friction between the chip and the tool and thereby reducing the heat load on the tool
Data Source
AI summary
A nozzle is arranged to provide coolant fluid to a cutting edge of a metal cutting tool. The nozzle includes at least one internal inlet coolant channel and at least one internal outlet coolant channel. The internal inlet coolant channel is connected to a coolant inlet and the at internal outlet coolant channel is connected to a coolant outlet for directing the coolant fluid to the cutting edge. The nozzle further includes a plenum chamber having at least one inlet opening connecting the internal inlet coolant channel and the plenum chamber and at least one outlet opening connecting the internal outlet channel and the plenum chamber. Each of the inlet openings have a cross-sectional area A1i and each of the outlet openings have a cross-sectional area A2i, wherein—Σi=1nA1i>Σi=1mA2i, where i is an integer, n is the number of inlet openings, and m is the number of outlet openings.