Liquid Cooling Cabinet Spray Layout for Turbulent Server Heat Exchange

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing liquid cooling systems fail to efficiently remove elemental mercury (Hg0) from flue gas and oxidized mercury (Hg2+) from waste liquid, with activated carbon injection technology being costly and its mercury removal efficiency is affected by NOx and SO2.

Innovation Solution

Utilization of metal sulfides (e.g., FeS2, CuS, CuFeS2) as mercury removal adsorbents, which contact with flue gas and waste liquid, adsorb and convert Hg0 from waste liquid into stable mercury sulfide compounds.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If coolant is continuously circulated in the cabinet, then heat is carried away from servers, but flow rate drops sharply when new coolant enters, resulting in poor fluidity and low heat exchange efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange efficiencyVSAvoidcoolant flow rate
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The cabinet is divided into multiple chambers, each equipped with independent guide pipes and spray nozzles. This segmentation allows coolant to be distributed to multiple locations simultaneously, maintaining flow rate and heat exchange efficiency across different zones without the flow rate dropping when new coolant enters the system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Guide pipes and spray nozzles are introduced to actively direct and atomize the coolant flow. The hydraulic design ensures that coolant is sprayed at high velocity onto server surfaces, maintaining turbulent flow and high heat exchange efficiency even when new coolant enters the cabinet.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Productivity

If servers are immersed in coolant for cooling, then heat is removed from servers, but fluid disturbance effect is weak and turbulence is low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidfluid disturbance effect
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

Spray nozzles create high-velocity coolant jets that impinge on server surfaces, generating localized turbulence and fluid disturbance. This mechanical action of spraying creates strong fluid motion and mixing, significantly enhancing the fluid disturbance effect and heat transfer coefficient compared to passive immersion cooling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Solution Approach 2:

Coolant is sprayed locally at high velocity onto specific heat-generating components of servers through guide pipes and nozzles. This creates localized regions of high turbulence and intense heat exchange at the spray impingement zones, improving cooling effectiveness where it is most needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Achieves efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly simultaneous removal of Hg0 from flue gas and oxidized mercury (Hg2+) from waste liquid, with existing mercury removal systems.

Implementation Method 1

enhances the fluid disturbance effect of the coolant within the chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid disturbance: Turbulence

Implementation Method 2

The heat generated by the servers is carried away by the continuous circulation of the coolant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP4669042A1Liquid cooling cabinet, apparatus and system
Publication Date: 2025.12.24 VERTIV CORP
  • EP4669042A1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4669042A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4669042A1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4b

AI summary

The present disclosure provides a liquid cooling cabinet, apparatus and system. The liquid cooling cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, and at least one first guide pipe; a chamber configured to load a server and bear a cooling liquid is formed in the cabinet body; a liquid outlet is formed in the wall of the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is configured to supplement the cooling liquid for the chamber through the liquid outlet; one end of the first guide pipe is correspondingly connected to the liquid outlet, and the other end of the first guide pipe is configured to spray the cooling liquid; and the liquid outlet pipe is located inside the chamber and configured to discharge the cooling liquid. The cooling liquid is accurately sprayed to a determined position in the chamber of the liquid cooling cabinet by means of the first guide pipe, and additionally, the fluid disturbance effect of the cooling liquid in the chamber is enhanced, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.