Battery Cooling Plate Layout for Thermal Runaway Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery devices face challenges in preventing the spread of high-temperature heat and flames generated from one battery cell assembly from igniting adjacent cells, leading to thermal runaway.
Innovation Solution
A battery device design featuring a cooling plate with heat transfer delay portions between seating areas, which reduces heat transfer between adjacent cell assemblies and includes a filler to block heat transfer, and a gas channel system to dissipate high-temperature gases, utilizing materials like mica, silica, or ceramic wool for thermal insulation and flame retardancy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a cooling plate is installed to cool battery cell assemblies, then heat dissipation is improved, but heat transfer between adjacent cell assemblies may cause thermal runaway
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling plate is divided into multiple independent cooling regions, each corresponding to a specific cell assembly. These regions are separated by heat transfer delay portions, creating segmented thermal zones that prevent heat propagation between adjacent cell assemblies while maintaining effective cooling for each individual assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
Heat transfer delay portions are introduced as intermediary elements between adjacent cooling regions. These portions act as thermal barriers that delay and reduce heat transfer between neighboring cell assemblies, preventing thermal runaway propagation while allowing each region to function independently for cooling its associated cell assembly.
2Productivity
If cell assemblies are arranged closely to maximize space utilization, then productivity is improved, but heat transfer between adjacent assemblies increases thermal runaway risk
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling plate is segmented into distinct cooling regions separated by heat transfer delay portions. This segmentation allows cell assemblies to be arranged closely for high space utilization while the segmented structure prevents heat propagation between adjacent assemblies, maintaining safety despite close proximity.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the cooling plate have different thermal properties - cooling regions have high thermal conductivity for efficient heat dissipation, while heat transfer delay portions have low thermal conductivity to prevent heat propagation. This local differentiation of thermal properties enables close arrangement of cell assemblies without increasing thermal runaway risk.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively delays or reduces the risk of secondary ignition and thermal runaway by minimizing heat transfer and flame propagation between cell assemblies, enhancing safety and stability in battery devices.
Implementation Method 1
a cooling plate installed in the housing to cool the plurality of cell assemblies
Implementation Method 2
a cooling passage through which a refrigerant may flow
Implementation Method 3
a heat transfer delay portion disposed between the plurality of seating portions and preventing or reducing heat transfer between the seating portions adjacent to each other
Implementation Method 4
The filler may include at least one of mica, silica, kaolin, silicate, graphite, alumina, ceramic wool, and aerogel
Data Source
AI summary
A battery device includes a plurality of cell assemblies each including a plurality of battery cells; a housing including an accommodation space in which the plurality of cell assemblies are accommodated; and a cooling plate installed in the housing to cool the plurality of cell assemblies, wherein the cooling plate includes a plurality of seating portions on which the cell assemblies are seated, respectively, and a heat transfer delay portion disposed between the plurality of seating portions and preventing or reducing heat transfer between the seating portions adjacent to each other.