Cooling Tower Surfactant Control for Foaming and Heat Transfer

The patent applies parameter changes by carefully controlling the surfactant concentration within a specific range (5-50 mg/L) to optimize the balance between wetting performance and foaming control. It also controls the dynamic contact angle (55° or less) and bubble bulkiness (250 mL or less) as key parameters to achieve improved cooling performance without excessive foaming.

The patent uses partial action by adding surfactant in controlled, limited amounts rather than excessive quantities. The surfactant is added at specific concentrations (5-50 mg/L) which is sufficient to improve wetting and cooling performance but below the threshold that causes problematic foaming, thus achieving the desired effect without over-application.

The patent uses surfactant as an intermediary substance that modifies the interaction between cooling water and heat exchanger surfaces. The surfactant forms a protective layer that prevents scale formation and slime adhesion, thereby maintaining heat transfer efficiency without requiring additional complex treatment systems.

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of cooling water by adding surfactant at controlled concentrations (5-50 mg/L). This parameter change modifies the surface properties of the cooling water to prevent scale and slime formation, thereby maintaining heat transfer efficiency throughout operation.