Coplanar Antenna Module Layout for Millimeter-Wave Dual Polarization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Designing a millimeter wave antenna with dual-polarized characteristics is challenging, particularly for the 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands, as existing solutions struggle to effectively achieve dual-polarization on the same plane.
Innovation Solution
The antenna module includes a microstrip line, a first radiator, and a ground radiator on the substrate's first surface, with a ground plane on the second surface, forming a coplanar waveguide structure and a differential loop ground structure, which enables dual-polarization capabilities by adjusting impedance matching and ensuring sufficient isolation between adjacent modules.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional single-polarized antenna design is used, then the structure is simple, but dual-polarized characteristics cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The ground radiator is divided into two separate grounding ends that are spatially separated and connected to the ground plane through different paths. This segmentation allows the antenna to support two orthogonal polarization modes independently, achieving dual-polarized characteristics while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure
Solution Approach 2:
The ground radiator employs asymmetric positioning of the two grounding ends relative to the microstrip line, creating different current distribution patterns for horizontal and vertical polarizations. This asymmetry enables the antenna to achieve dual-polarized characteristics by exploiting the different electromagnetic field distributions
2Adaptability or versatility
If the ground radiator directly contacts the microstrip line, then the structure is compact, but isolation between polarizations deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
A gap is introduced between the grounding ends of the ground radiator and the microstrip line, acting as an intermediary that prevents direct contact. This gap serves as a mediator that maintains electrical isolation between the two polarization modes while still allowing capacitive coupling for signal transmission, thereby improving polarization isolation
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple radiators are added for dual-polarization, then polarization diversity is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the ground radiator structure with the radiating element by using the ground radiator to serve dual purposes: as part of the radiating structure and as the ground reference. This combining approach achieves polarization diversity without requiring separate, independently manufactured radiator components, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves dual-polarized characteristics with improved radiation patterns and isolation, enhancing peak gain and transmission rates, and overcomes the difficulty of designing antennas with different polarization directions on the same plane, particularly for millimeter wave frequencies like 24 GHz, 28 GHz, and 39 GHz.
Implementation Method 1
The antenna module includes a microstrip line, a first radiator, and a ground radiator on the substrate's first surface... achieving dual-polarized characteristics with improved radiation patterns
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna module disposed on a substrate having a first and a second surface opposite to each other includes a microstrip line, a first radiator, a ground radiator and a ground plane. The microstrip line, the first radiator and the ground radiator are disposed on the first surface. The microstrip line includes a first and a second end opposite to each other. The first end includes a first feeding end. The first radiator is connected to the second end of the microstrip line. The ground radiator surrounds the microstrip line and the first radiator and has a first opening and two opposite grounding ends. The first end of the microstrip line is located in the first opening. A gap is formed between each grounding end and the first feeding end. The ground plane is disposed on the second surface. The ground radiator is connected to the ground plane.