Coplanar Balun Layout for Compact Multi-Band Array Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current multi-band array antennas face challenges in integrating more radiation apparatuses without increasing the antenna's size, as the structure of the feeding balun limits the reduction of distance between adjacent radiation apparatuses, particularly due to the large space occupied by the balun structure.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a radiation apparatus with a balun structure where the first and second conductor baluns are disposed in the same plane, allowing for a more compact design by reducing the space occupied, enabling closer integration of radiation apparatuses without increasing the antenna's size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the distance between two adjacent radiation apparatuses is reduced to integrate more radiation apparatuses, then the quantity of radiation apparatuses increases, but the balun structure occupies relatively large space which limits further reduction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the first conductor balun and second conductor balun into the same plane, combining two previously separate spatial structures into a unified planar configuration. This merging reduces the overall volume occupied by the balun system, enabling closer spacing of adjacent radiation apparatuses while maintaining all necessary feeding functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions the balun structure from a three-dimensional orthogonal arrangement to a two-dimensional planar configuration. By disposing both conductor baluns in the same plane rather than orthogonal directions, the design achieves compactness in the vertical dimension while maintaining functional separation through planar routing.
2Area of stationary object
If the size of the multi-band array antenna is limited, then the antenna size remains compact, but it becomes inconvenient for compact array layout due to large balun structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the spatial occupation of first and second conductor baluns into a single planar region, merging what would otherwise require separate three-dimensional spaces. This consolidation enables compact array layouts by reducing the minimum spacing requirements between adjacent radiation apparatuses.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent resolves the layout conflict by moving the balun structure to a two-dimensional planar arrangement, freeing up the third dimension for other antenna components. This dimensional transformation allows the antenna to maintain a compact overall footprint while accommodating all feeding structures within the same planar layer.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the first conductor balun and second conductor balun are disposed orthogonally, then each balun can feed its respective radiation modules independently, but the balun structure occupies relatively large space
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the orthogonal three-dimensional arrangement into a coplanar two-dimensional configuration, maintaining independent feeding paths while consolidating the spatial footprint. Both baluns remain functionally independent in the same plane, eliminating the need for vertical separation while preserving signal isolation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent resolves the space conflict by transitioning from orthogonal 3D positioning to coplanar 2D positioning. This dimensional change allows independent feeding functionality to be maintained through planar routing rather than spatial separation, dramatically reducing the volume occupied by the balun system.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of this application provide a radiation apparatus and a multi-band array antenna, and relate to the field of antenna technologies. The radiation apparatus includes a radiation module, a first conductor balun, and a second conductor balun. The first conductor balun is mechanically connected to the second conductor balun under the radiation module. The radiation module includes a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit in a +45° polarization direction, and a third radiation unit and a fourth radiation unit in a −45° polarization direction. The first conductor balun is configured to feed a first differential signal to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit. The second conductor balun is configured to feed a second differential signal to the third radiation unit and the fourth radiation unit. The first conductor balun and the second conductor balun are disposed in the same plane.