Copper Cobalt Ferrite Composition for Rare-Earth-Free Magnetostriction
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a demand for rare-earth-free materials with high magnetostrictive properties due to the supply risks and poor mechanical properties of rare earth-based materials, limiting their industrial application.
Innovation Solution
Development of copper cobalt ferrites with a cubic crystal as the primary crystalline phase, which can be partially substituted with other elements, offering high magnetostrictive properties without rare earths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If rare earth-based materials are used to achieve high magnetostrictive properties, then magnetostriction constant is improved, but supply reliability deteriorates and mechanical properties worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing rare earth elements with copper and cobalt in a spinel ferrite structure. Specifically, it uses the formula CuxCoyFe3-x-yO4 where x and y are controlled within specific ranges (0 < x ≤ 0.5, 0 < y ≤ 0.5, x + y ≥ 0.8), achieving high magnetostriction without rare earth elements. This parameter substitution resolves the contradiction between magnetostrictive performance and supply reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite material system combining copper, cobalt, and iron in a spinel ferrite structure. This composite approach (CuxCoyFe3-x-yO4) integrates multiple elements to achieve synergistic effects: copper and cobalt provide high magnetostriction while iron maintains structural stability, resolving the contradiction between performance and mechanical properties.
2Reliability
If rare earth-based materials are used to achieve high magnetostrictive properties, then magnetostriction constant is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention simplifies manufacturing by changing the material composition to common elements (copper, cobalt, iron) that are easier to source and process than rare earth elements. The spinel ferrite structure with controlled Cu and Co content provides a manufacturable alternative that reduces industrial application restrictions while maintaining high magnetostriction.
3Reliability
If copper cobalt ferrite with cubic phase is used to achieve high magnetostrictive properties, then magnetostriction constant is improved, but material composition complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention manages composition complexity by establishing clear parameter ranges: CuxCoyFe3-x-yO4 where 0 < x ≤ 0.5, 0 < y ≤ 0.5, and x + y ≥ 0.8. These defined parameters provide a systematic approach to composition control, balancing magnetostrictive performance with manageable material complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by optimizing specific element concentrations (Cu and Co content) within the spinel structure to achieve high magnetostriction. By controlling the distribution and concentration of copper and cobalt in specific ranges, it achieves localized optimization of magnetic properties without requiring complex overall composition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The copper cobalt ferrites exhibit excellent magnetostrictive properties, suitable for applications in transducers, actuators, sensors, and vibration-powered generators, overcoming the limitations of rare earth-based materials.
Implementation Method 1
Magnetostrictive materials change their length when a magnetic field is applied without contact, which is called a 'magnetostriction effect' (Joule effect)
Implementation Method 2
magnetostrictive materials undergo a change in magnetization when compressed and exhibit a change in magnetic permeability, which is called an 'inverse magnetostriction effect' (Villari effect)
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a novel magnetostrictive material that has a high level of magnetostrictive properties without containing rare-earth elements. The magnetostrictive material contains a copper cobalt ferrite that contains a cubic crystal as a primary crystalline phase.