Copper-Nickel Catalyst Selective Hydrogenation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current selective hydrogenation methods for polyunsaturated hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum fractions are costly due to high metal content requirements, particularly with palladium-based catalysts, and face challenges with selectivity and activity when using nickel, which often necessitates the use of expensive promoters.
Innovation Solution
A selective hydrogenation method utilizing a catalyst with a copper-based active phase and a molar ratio of Cu:(Ni and/or Co) greater than 1, combined with a refractory oxide substrate, which reduces metal content while maintaining high activity and selectivity, allowing for the conversion of polyunsaturated compounds into alkenes or aromatic compounds without forming naphthenes or alkanes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If palladium-based catalysts are used for selective hydrogenation, then high activity and selectivity are achieved, but the cost increases significantly due to high metal content requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst by replacing expensive palladium with a copper-nickel or copper-cobalt system. The specific molar ratio range (0.5 to 2) of Cu:(Ni or Co) is optimized to achieve the desired catalytic performance at lower cost, directly addressing the contradiction between performance and metal content
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite catalyst system combining copper with nickel or cobalt on a refractory oxide support. This composite approach leverages the synergistic effects of different metals to achieve palladium-like performance with more abundant and less expensive metals, resolving the cost-performance contradiction
2Quantity of substance
If nickel-based catalysts are used to substitute palladium, then cost is reduced, but selectivity decreases significantly requiring additional promoters
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges copper with nickel or cobalt in a specific molar ratio to create a bimetallic catalyst system. This combination synergistically enhances the selectivity of nickel while maintaining cost advantages, eliminating the need for additional promoters and directly resolving the selectivity-deficiency problem of pure nickel catalysts
Solution Approach 2:
The invention optimizes the molar ratio parameter of Cu:(Ni or Co) within the range of 0.5 to 2 to achieve optimal selectivity. By carefully controlling this compositional parameter, the catalyst achieves high selectivity without requiring expensive promoter additions
3Productivity
If high metal content is used in catalysts to improve activity, then catalytic performance increases, but the preparation complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the metal composition parameters to use copper-nickel or copper-cobalt systems with optimized molar ratios, achieving high catalytic activity with reduced overall metal content. This parameter optimization simplifies preparation procedures and reduces costs while maintaining productivity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach achieves high performance in selective hydrogenation with reduced metal content, lowering costs and enhancing the efficiency of the process by using a catalyst with a specific molar ratio of copper to nickel or cobalt, thereby effectively eliminating polyunsaturated hydrocarbons and converting them into desired products.
Implementation Method 1
Selective hydrogenation is the main treatment developed for specifically eliminating the undesirable polyunsaturated compounds from these hydrocarbon feedstocks. It makes possible the conversion of the polyunsaturated compounds into the corresponding aromatic compounds or alkenes by preventing their total saturation
Implementation Method 2
A selective hydrogenation method utilizing a catalyst with a copper-based active phase and a molar ratio of Cu:(Ni and/or Co) greater than 1, combined with a refractory oxide substrate, which reduces metal content while maintaining high activity and selectivity, allowing for the conversion of polyunsaturated compounds into alkenes or aromatic compounds without forming naphthenes or alkanes
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for selective hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon feedstock that contains at least 2 carbon atoms per molecule and that has a final boiling point that is less than or equal to 250° C. and that comprises at least one polyunsaturated compound, in which in the presence of hydrogen, said feedstock is brought into contact with at least one catalyst that comprises a substrate and an active metal phase deposited on said substrate; said active metal phase comprises copper and at least one metal that is selected from between nickel and cobalt in a molar ratio of Cu:(Ni and/or Co) of greater than 1.