Copper Sulfide Grease for CV Joint Wear and Boot Compatibility

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional CV joint greases with phosphorus-containing additives face compatibility issues with sealing boots, leading to premature aging and failure, despite providing good lubrication and wear resistance.

Innovation Solution

A grease composition featuring copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide or phosphorus-free organic molybdenum complexes, which synergistically enhance anti-wear and low-friction properties without the need for phosphorus-containing additives, improving compatibility and longevity of CV joints.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If phosphorus-containing additives are used in CV joint grease, then anti-wear performance and lubrication are improved, but compatibility with sealing boot material deteriorates causing premature aging and failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanti-wear performanceVSAvoidsealing boot compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes phosphorus-containing additives (ZnDTP, MoDTP) from the grease composition that cause sealing boot degradation. Instead, it uses a phosphorus-free additive package combining copper sulfide (0.1-2.0 wt%) and molybdenum disulfide (0.1-5.0 wt%), which provides equivalent or superior anti-wear protection without the harmful side effects on elastomeric sealing boots.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the additive package by replacing phosphorus-based compounds with sulfur-based compounds (copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide). This parameter change maintains the extreme pressure and anti-wear performance while eliminating the compatibility issues with sealing boot materials, as confirmed by aging tests showing no significant hardening or cracking.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If naphthenic mineral oils are used as base oil, then lubrication performance is improved, but swelling of sealing boot material occurs reducing high speed capability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelubrication performanceVSAvoidsealing boot dimensional stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite base oil system combining naphthenic mineral oil (60-80 wt%) with synthetic esters (10-30 wt%). This composite approach leverages the excellent lubrication properties of naphthenic oil while the synthetic ester component reduces the swelling effect on sealing boot materials, achieving a balance between lubrication performance and dimensional stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Object-affected harmful factors

If poly-α-olefin synthetic base oils are used, then compatibility with sealing boots is improved, but wear protection and friction reduction are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesealing boot compatibilityVSAvoidwear protection
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges two base oil types - poly-α-olefin synthetic oil (providing sealing boot compatibility) with naphthenic mineral oil (providing superior lubrication and wear protection). The combined base oil system achieves both compatibility and protection, further enhanced by the copper sulfide-molybdenum disulfide additive package for extreme pressure conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Reliability

If copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide are combined in grease, then anti-wear and low-friction properties are enhanced, but formulation complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanti-wear and friction propertiesVSAvoidgrease formulation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the protective functions into two distinct additive components: copper sulfide for extreme pressure and anti-wear protection, and molybdenum disulfide for low-friction properties. This segmentation allows each additive to specialize in its optimal function, achieving synergistic effects while maintaining a relatively simple two-component additive package that is easier to formulate and control than multi-component systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The combination of copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide in the grease composition reduces wear and friction, extends the life of CV joints, and maintains lubrication performance, as demonstrated by Standard Multi Block Program (SMBP) tests and compatibility tests with sealing boot materials.

Implementation Method 1

The combination of copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide in the grease composition reduces wear and friction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBoundary lubrication: Lubrication

Implementation Method 2

copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide or phosphorus-free organic molybdenum complexes, which synergistically enhance anti-wear and low-friction properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLubrication: Lubrication

Data Source

PatentEP4010454B1A grease composition comprising copper sulfide for constant velocity joints
Publication Date: 2023.10.25 GKN DRIVELINE INT GMBH
  • EP4010454B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP4010454B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP4010454B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

The present invention relates to a grease composition which is intended primarily for use in constant velocity joints (CV joints), especially ball joints and/or tripod joints, which are used in the drivelines of motor vehicles. The grease composition for use in constant velocity joints comprises at least one base oil, at least one thickener, at least one copper sulfide, molybdenum disulfide and/or at least one phosphor-free organic molybdenum complex. Further, the present invention relates to a constant velocity joint comprising the grease composition in accordance with the present invention.