Core-Shell Coated Battery Separator for Thermal Runaway Resistance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional separators for electrochemical devices lack a sufficient heat-absorbing function, which can lead to thermal runaway and safety issues during rapid temperature increases.

Innovation Solution

A separator with a porous organic/inorganic coating layer that includes heat conductive inorganic particles and core-shell particles, where the core-shell particles have a metal hydroxide core with heat-absorbing properties and a polymer resin shell, enhancing both heat conductivity and absorption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a porous organic/inorganic coating layer is formed on a porous polymer substrate to improve heat conductivity, then heat dissipation is enhanced, but the heat-absorbing function remains insufficient during rapid temperature increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat conductivityVSAvoidheat-absorbing function
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining heat conductive inorganic particles (such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, or boron nitride) with heat-absorbing organic particles (such as polyethylene or polypropylene) in a coating layer on the porous polymer substrate. This composite structure enables the separator to simultaneously achieve high heat conductivity for rapid heat dissipation and high heat-absorbing capacity through the phase change of organic particles, resolving the contradiction between heat conductivity and heat-absorbing function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional polyolefin-based porous substrates are used as separators, then manufacturing is simple and cost-effective, but severe heat shrinking occurs at temperatures of 100°C or higher causing short-circuit

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidheat shrinkage resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermal parameters of the separator by incorporating inorganic particles with high heat resistance (such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, boron nitride) into the coating layer. These inorganic particles maintain structural stability at temperatures above 100°C, preventing the heat shrinkage that occurs in conventional polyolefin substrates, while the overall manufacturing process remains relatively simple and cost-effective.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If inorganic particles are coated with excessive binder polymer to form a porous organic/inorganic coating layer, then heat conductivity is improved, but heat absorption capacity is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat conductivityVSAvoidheat-absorbing material content
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating a coating layer with heterogeneous composition where heat conductive inorganic particles and heat-absorbing organic particles are distributed throughout the binder polymer matrix. This local distribution allows different regions of the coating layer to perform different functions: inorganic particles provide heat conductivity pathways, while organic particles provide heat absorption capacity through their phase change properties, thereby resolving the contradiction between heat conductivity and heat absorption capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed separator effectively disperses heat generated in the battery, absorbs heat rapidly, and improves safety by preventing thermal runaway, while maintaining battery performance and energy density.

Implementation Method 1

a porous organic/inorganic coating layer which includes a heat conductive inorganic particle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the core-shell particles have a metal hydroxide core with heat-absorbing properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEndothermic reaction: Endothermic Reaction

Data Source

PatentUS20250030123A1Separator for Electrochemical Device, Electrochemical Device Comprising the Same and Manufacturing Method of the Separator
Publication Date: 2025.01.23 LG CHEM LTD

AI summary

Provided is a separator for an electrochemical device, including: a porous polymer substrate; and a porous organic/inorganic coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate and including heat conductive inorganic particles and core-shell particles, wherein the particles are bound to one another by a binder polymer, and wherein the core-shell particle includes a core portion and a shell portion surrounding the surface of the core portion, the core portion includes a metal hydroxide having heat-absorbing property at 150-400° C. or an organic particle having a glass transition temperature, the shell portion includes a polymer resin, and the polymer resin is a water-insoluble polymer or crosslinked polymer. An electrochemical device including the separator is also provided. It is possible to provide a separator with an improved heat-absorbing effect and safety, and an electrochemical device including the same.