Integrated Core-Shell Ceramic Mold for Turbine Blade Cooling Holes

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for manufacturing turbine blades with intricate internal geometries and cooling passages are limited by the inability to produce fine filaments for effusion cooling holes, especially in locations inaccessible due to protrusion patterns, and require additional steps like ball chutes and tip pins for leaching pathways.

Innovation Solution

The use of direct light processing (DLP) to create integrated core-shell ceramic molds with thin filaments connecting the core and shell, enabling the formation of fine effusion cooling holes and eliminating the need for ball chutes and tip pins by supporting a floating tip plenum.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional investment casting methods are used to manufacture turbine blades with intricate internal geometries, then the manufacturing process can produce complex shapes, but the ability to create fine filaments for effusion cooling holes in inaccessible locations is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling hole precisionVSAvoidmold structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The mold is segmented into two distinct components: a core mold defining the internal cooling passages and a shell mold defining the external blade geometry. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component, enabling the core to include complex internal features like fine filaments for effusion cooling holes while the shell provides the outer blade shape. The segmentation resolves the contradiction by separating the functions of internal passage formation and external geometry definition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces a new dimensional approach by incorporating three-dimensional printed ceramic filaments within the core mold structure. These filaments create internal pathways and support structures that extend into inaccessible locations of the blade, enabling cooling holes to be formed in regions that would be unreachable by conventional two-dimensional mold surfaces. This dimensional addition resolves the contradiction by providing access to previously inaccessible cooling hole locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If conventional methods are used to create leaching pathways with ball chutes and tip pins, then cooling passages can be formed, but additional post-casting modification steps are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing efficiencyVSAvoidpost-casting modification ease
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the leaching pathway function directly into the core mold structure by designing the core itself to define the internal cooling passages. The core mold includes integrated features that provide leaching pathways during casting, eliminating the need for separate ball chutes and tip pins. This merging of functions reduces the number of components and post-casting modification steps, thereby improving productivity while maintaining ease of manufacture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The leaching pathways and cooling passage geometries are predetermined and built into the core mold structure before casting. The core mold is designed with internal channels and features that automatically create the desired cooling passage network as the metal solidifies. This preliminary action eliminates the need for subsequent drilling, brazing, or other post-casting modifications, thereby improving manufacturing efficiency while keeping the process simple.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If traditional tip pins are used to support the tip plenum, then the plenum can be positioned, but the pins require subsequent closure by brazing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplenum positioning reliabilityVSAvoidtip pin closure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the tip pins and brazing operation from the manufacturing process entirely. Instead of using traditional tip pins to support the tip plenum, the core mold structure itself provides support and positioning features for the plenum. The core includes integrated support elements that hold the plenum in the correct position during casting without requiring removable pins or subsequent brazing operations. This extraction eliminates the complexity of pin closure while maintaining reliable plenum positioning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The core mold structure provides self-supporting features that automatically position and support the tip plenum during casting. The core includes built-in support elements, such as ledges or engagement features, that hold the plenum in the correct position without requiring external pins or fasteners. This self-service approach eliminates the need for additional components and operations, thereby reducing device complexity while ensuring reliable plenum positioning through the core's inherent structural features.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for the precise creation of cooling holes in complex geometries, improving the manufacturing of turbine blades with enhanced cooling efficiency and reducing post-casting modifications, enabling the production of turbine blades with intricate internal voids and overhangs.

Implementation Method 1

A method for direct light processing (DLP) to create integrated core-shell ceramic molds

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotopolymerisation: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3558562B1Method for fabricating an integrated casting core-shell mold for making cast component with cooling holes in inaccessible locations
Publication Date: 2022.05.11 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3558562B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3558562B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3558562B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure generally relates to integrated core-shell investment casting molds that provide filament structures corresponding to cooling hole patterns in the surface of the turbine blade or stator vane, including in locations that are inaccessible due to the presence of protrusion patterns. The filament structures also provide a leaching pathway for the core portion after metal casting. The invention also relates to core filaments that can be used to supplement the leaching pathway, for example in a core tip portion of the mold.