Coronary Sinus Occlusion Timing via Pressure Curve Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for intermittent occlusion of the coronary sinus in retroperfusion techniques are inefficient due to inaccuracies in determining the optimal time for retriggering occlusion, relying on empirically derived formulas that can lead to prolonged waiting periods and cumbersome calculations.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that estimate the fluid pressure curve in the coronary sinus after occlusion release using an arithmetic unit to determine the timing of the next occlusion, eliminating the need for empirical formulas and allowing for precise control based on real-time pressure conditions, with preferred embodiments using exponential function approximations for pressure maxima or minima.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If empirically derived formulas are used to determine occlusion timing, then the method can be implemented with simple calculations, but the accuracy of determining optimal occlusion timing deteriorates and waiting periods become prolonged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces empirical formula-based calculation methods with a pressure sensor-based detection system. Instead of using complex empirical formulas to estimate occlusion timing, the system directly measures actual pressure changes in the coronary sinus during heartbeats, substituting computational estimation with direct physical measurement for superior accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where pressure sensors continuously monitor actual pressure changes in the coronary sinus during occlusion and release phases. This real-time pressure feedback allows the control unit to dynamically adjust occlusion timing based on actual physiological conditions, replacing static empirical formulas with adaptive, real-time control.
2Device complexity
If empirically derived formulas are used for occlusion timing, then the device complexity is reduced, but the productivity of nutrient supply and waste removal deteriorates due to prolonged waiting periods
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex empirical formula calculations with a more straightforward pressure sensor detection system. By directly measuring pressure changes rather than computing from multiple parameters using empirical formulas, the system reduces computational complexity while improving the speed of occlusion timing determination, thereby enhancing retroperfusion efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the body's own pressure changes in the coronary sinus as the control signal for occlusion timing. The pressure sensors detect natural pressure variations during heartbeats, and the control unit automatically triggers occlusion based on these intrinsic physiological signals, eliminating the need for external empirical formulas and complex control algorithms.
3Device complexity
If the occlusion is released based on plateau value of pressure maxima, then the control method becomes simpler, but the timing precision deteriorates leading to suboptimal retroperfusion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs real-time pressure feedback from sensors during each heartbeat cycle. The control unit continuously monitors actual pressure changes and uses this feedback to precisely determine when to release occlusion, replacing simplified plateau-value-based control with dynamic, real-time pressure-driven timing for optimal precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from static control based on fixed plateau values to dynamic control that adapts to real-time pressure changes during each heartbeat. The occlusion release timing is dynamically adjusted based on actual pressure trajectories, enabling precise synchronization with cardiac cycle variations and optimizing retroperfusion efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of determining optimal occlusion timing, improving the efficiency of nutrient supply and waste removal to ischemic tissue by enabling precise control of the occlusion device, reducing inefficiencies and complexity in existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
The blood pressure in the coronary sinus rises during the occlusion at every heart beat so as to cause blood reaching the coronary sinus through the healthy tissue of the heart muscle to be flushed back into the ischemic tissue
Implementation Method 2
blood is tried to be allowed to flow back from the coronary sinus through the coronary venous system in counterflow
Data Source
AI summary
In a method for intermittently occluding the coronary sinus, in which in an alternating manner the coronary sinus is occluded by an occlusion device and the occlusion is released, the curve of the fluid pressure occurring in the coronary sinus after the release of the occlusion is estimated by calculation and the time of the beginning of the next occlusion is determined as a function of the estimated pressure curve.