Corrugated Heat Transfer Tubes for Dairy Evaporation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current falling film evaporators in dairy applications face inefficiencies in heat transfer from the heating media to the dairy product, leading to suboptimal energy utilization and increased energy requirements.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of vertically arranged heat transfer tubes with corrugations on their inner surfaces, which enhance heat transfer efficiency by allowing a helical or sinusoidal pattern of corrugations with specific pitch and height ranges, facilitating the flow of dairy products and heating media.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If conventional smooth heat transfer tubes are used, then the device structure is simple, but heat transfer efficiency is insufficient leading to suboptimal energy utilization

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy utilizationVSAvoidtube structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies corrugations with curved surfaces to the heat transfer tubes, transforming the conventional smooth cylindrical surface into a corrugated surface with alternating convex and concave regions. This curvature modification increases the surface area and creates turbulence in the fluid flow, thereby enhancing heat transfer efficiency and energy utilization without fundamentally changing the basic tube structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The corrugated surface structure creates a micro-structured geometry that resembles porous or textured surfaces, increasing the effective heat transfer area and promoting better fluid contact with the tube surface. The corrugations create multiple flow paths and increase the residence time of the dairy product in contact with heated surfaces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

2Productivity

If heating media is used to evaporate water from dairy product, then concentration is achieved, but heat transfer efficiency is insufficient requiring increased energy input

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevaporation rateVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The corrugated tube surfaces create turbulence in both the heating media flow (outside tubes) and the dairy product flow (inside tubes). This turbulence enhances convective heat transfer coefficients, increasing the evaporation rate and productivity while reducing the total energy input required compared to smooth tube configurations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the geometric parameters of the heat transfer surface by introducing corrugations with specific pitch, amplitude, and wavelength. These parameter changes optimize the heat transfer surface area and flow characteristics, enabling more efficient evaporation and better energy utilization in the concentration process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration significantly improves heat transfer efficiency, reducing the liquid content of dairy products by optimizing the interaction between the dairy product and heating media, thereby enhancing energy utilization and product concentration.

Implementation Method 1

Heat from the steam is then transferred through the tubes and to the dairy product

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

water in dairy product enters the gaseous phase in form of vapor inside the vertical tubes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

The corrugations are advantageous, e.g. in that they provide efficient transfer of heat from the heating media to the dairy product

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer enhancement: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3663693B1Falling film evaporator for dairy products
Publication Date: 2023.08.30 TETRA LAVAL HOLDINGS & FINANCE SA
  • EP3663693B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3663693B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP3663693B1 patent drawing

AI summary

A falling film evaporator (1) for reducing a liquid content of a dairy product (DP), the evaporator (1) comprising a housing (2) having an inlet (3) and an outlet (4) for passing a heating media (H) through the housing (2), a number of heat transfer tubes (10) that are vertically arranged inside the housing (1) such that the heating media (H) can flow over outer surfaces (15) of the heat transfer tubes (10), each heat transfer tube (14) of the heat transfer tubes (10) comprising an upper inlet (17) and a lower outlet (18) for passing the dairy product over an inner surface (16) of the heat transfer tube (14). Each heat transfer tube (14) comprises corrugations (20) that extend along the length of the heat transfer tube (14).