Corynebacterium Metabolic Engineering for Organic Compound Yield
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Solution Overview
Problem
Biorefinery processes for producing organic compounds from biomass-derived saccharides have lower productivity compared to petroleum refinery methods, necessitating improvements in saccharide metabolism pathways to enhance the efficiency and yield of organic compound production.
Innovation Solution
Introduction of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway into coryneform bacteria, specifically by encoding genes for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase, and 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase activities, allowing for the combination of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas and Entner-Doudoroff pathways to improve saccharide metabolism and organic compound production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If biorefinery processes use conventional saccharide metabolism pathways (EMP pathway), then the process is simpler to implement, but the productivity and conversion rate of organic compounds are lower
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway and the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway in a single coryneform bacterium host. This merging of two metabolic pathways allows the organism to utilize multiple routes for saccharide degradation, thereby increasing the overall conversion rate and productivity of organic compounds while maintaining the simplicity of using a single host organism
Solution Approach 2:
The coryneform bacterium is engineered to perform multiple functions by simultaneously possessing both EMP and ED pathways. This multi-functionality enables the organism to metabolize saccharides through either pathway or both in parallel, increasing flexibility and productivity without requiring multiple separate biorefinery processes
2Quantity of substance
If the Entner-Doudoroff pathway is introduced into coryneform bacteria, then the conversion rate and yield of organic compounds are enhanced, but the genetic engineering complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces the ED pathway into coryneform bacteria that already possess the EMP pathway, merging both pathways in a single organism. This approach achieves enhanced organic compound yield through multiple metabolic routes while utilizing a well-established host system with available genetic tools, thereby balancing the complexity of genetic modification with the benefit of improved productivity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the conversion rate and yield of organic compounds, improving productivity in coryneform bacteria that originally lack the Entner-Doudoroff pathway, thereby addressing the productivity limitations of biorefinery methods.
Implementation Method 1
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (hereinafter abbreviated as 'G6DH') that converts glucose-6-phosphate into 6-phosphoglucono-1,5-lactone
Implementation Method 2
6-phosphogluconate dehydratase (hereinafter abbreviated as 'EDD') that catalyzes a reaction of conversion from 6-phosphogluconate into 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate
Implementation Method 3
2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase (hereinafter abbreviated as 'EDA') as an enzyme that cleaves 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate so as to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate
Implementation Method 4
It is said that the saccharide metabolism through the ED pathway has a low efficiency in the production of ATP, and to compensate it, the rate of saccharide metabolism through the ED pathway is greater than that through the EMP pathway
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for improving productivity in producing an organic compound in a bacterium that originally does not have an inherent ED pathway. In one aspect, provided is a transformant of a coryneform bacterium that is obtained by introducing the Entner-Doudoroff pathway into the coryneform bacterium as a host. In another aspect, provided is a transformant of a coryneform bacterium that is obtained by introducing, into a coryneform bacterium as a host a gene in which an enzyme having glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is encoded, a gene in which an enzyme having 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase activity is encoded, and a gene in which an enzyme having 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase activity is encoded.