Counter-Current Hemofilter Electrolyte Transfer for pH-Balanced Bypass
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for maintaining electrolyte balance during cardiopulmonary bypass are inefficient, unreliable, and often result in metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperchloremia, and hypernatremia, as they rely on traditional crystalloids that disrupt electrolyte levels and pH.
Innovation Solution
A system and method using a modified hemofilter with dual pumps and counter-current electrolyte transfer, employing pH-balanced electrolyte solutions to adjust electrolyte concentrations quickly and safely, maintaining physiological conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If traditional crystalloids (0.9% NaCl, Plasmalyte) are used for electrolyte manipulation during cardiopulmonary bypass, then electrolyte levels can be adjusted through ultrafiltration, but the patient's blood becomes acidotic and other electrolytes become out of range
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the crystalloid solution by formulating it with physiological pH (7.35-7.45) and appropriate electrolyte concentrations that match normal blood values. This allows the solution to adjust target electrolytes without causing acidosis or disrupting other electrolyte balances, directly resolving the contradiction between electrolyte manipulation and physiological reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces a specially formulated crystalloid solution as an intermediary medium that facilitates selective electrolyte transfer. This intermediary solution, with its controlled pH and electrolyte composition, acts as a bridge between the patient's blood and the ultrafiltration process, enabling precise electrolyte adjustment without the harmful side effects of traditional crystalloids
2Quantity of substance
If large volumes of crystalloid are added to the bypass circuit to wash ultrafiltrate, then electrolyte balance can be maintained, but the process is slow and inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
By changing the electrolyte composition and pH parameters of the crystalloid solution to match physiological values, the invention enables more efficient electrolyte exchange. The physiological formulation allows for faster achievement of electrolyte balance without requiring excessive volumes or prolonged washing periods, thus improving productivity while maintaining electrolyte balance
3Quantity of substance
If traditional ultrafiltration is used to remove fluid and adjust electrolytes, then fluid volume can be controlled, but metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperchloremia, andhypernatremia occur
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the compositional parameters of the crystalloid solution to include physiological pH and appropriate electrolyte concentrations. This formulation ensures that during ultrafiltration, the removed fluid maintains proper electrolyte balance, preventing the generation of harmful effects such as acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperchloremia, andhypernatremia while still achieving fluid volume control
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the potentially harmful effect of ultrafiltration-induced electrolyte imbalances into a beneficial outcome by using a specially formulated crystalloid solution. The physiological composition of the solution ensures that the ultrafiltration process, which would normally cause harmful electrolyte shifts, instead maintains or improves electrolyte balance, turning a harmful process into a beneficial one
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system efficiently adjusts electrolyte levels and pH within minutes, preventing electrolyte imbalances and maintaining physiological balance during cardiopulmonary bypass without significant fluid volume changes.
Implementation Method 1
The conventional hemofilter is modified to facilitate the transfer of electrolytes, as well as facilitating fluid removal from the circuit
Implementation Method 2
flowing a first wash solution through the second filter chamber in a direction of flow opposite to the direction which the patient's blood is flowing through the first filter chamber
Data Source
AI summary
Certain embodiments of the invention are directed to methods of adjusting the concentration of one or more electrolytes in a patient's blood using a counter current electrolyte solution.