Coupled Multi-Band Antenna with Radiating Extensions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional multi-band antennas, such as those using planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA), face limitations in bandwidth and radiation efficiency due to short distances between radiating elements, leading to insufficient broadband capabilities and increased production errors.
Innovation Solution
A coupled multi-band antenna design featuring two radiating extensions and a coupled radiator structure, which adjusts surface current distribution and impedance variation to achieve broader bandwidth and higher radiation efficiency across multiple frequency bands.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the distance between radiating elements is reduced to achieve compact size, then the antenna size is reduced, but the bandwidth becomes insufficient and production errors increase
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into multiple radiating elements (first radiating element, second radiating element, third radiating element, and fourth radiating element) arranged in a coupled configuration. Each element contributes to different frequency bands, allowing the compact structure to achieve multi-band operation with sufficient bandwidth through the collective radiation of segmented elements rather than relying on a single large element
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple radiating elements are combined in a coupled configuration where they work together to provide multi-band radiation. The coupling between elements allows energy to be distributed across multiple resonant modes, achieving both compact size and sufficient bandwidth by merging the radiation functions of multiple elements into a single integrated structure
2Volume of moving object
If conventional PIFA structure is used to achieve compact size, then the antenna fits in small devices, but the bandwidth is limited and cannot achieve broadband effects
Solution Approach 1:
The coupled radiating elements are designed to serve multiple frequency bands simultaneously. The first and second radiating elements operate at first frequency band, while the third and fourth radiating elements operate at second frequency band, allowing a single antenna structure to universally support multiple communication systems (GPS, DCS, PCS, UMTS, Wi-Fi) without requiring separate antennas for each band
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna transitions from conventional planar PIFA structure to a three-dimensional coupled configuration with elements arranged in multiple layers and orientations. This dimensional change allows the compact antenna to achieve broadband performance by utilizing spatial coupling effects and multiple radiation paths that are not available in planar structures
3Ease of manufacture
If feed wire and feed point are positioned close to first connecting part to simplify structure, then manufacturing is easier, but bandwidth remains limited and cannot achieve broadband effects
Solution Approach 1:
The feed structure is designed with adjustable parameters including feed wire length, feed point position, and connecting part dimensions. These dynamic parameters can be optimized to achieve both manufacturing simplicity and broadband performance by adjusting the electrical length and impedance matching characteristics of the feed network without complicating the overall structure
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The coupled multi-band antenna effectively enhances bandwidth and radiation efficiency, supporting a wide range of systems from GPS to Wi-Fi at high frequencies and AMPS to GSM at low frequencies, improving communication quality and reducing production errors.
Implementation Method 1
the surface current distribution and impedance variation of the antenna can be effectively controlled
Implementation Method 2
achieves the broadband characteristic at high frequencies (1575 ̃2500 MHz)
Implementation Method 3
The disclosed antenna utilizes a coupled radiator to feed electrical signals into the antenna radiator in a coupled method
Data Source
AI summary
A coupled multi-band antenna with the broadband function includes a coupled radiator, a feed wire, a first radiating extension, and a second radiating extension. The coupled radiator has a microwave substrate, a coupled metal element, a first radiating element, a second radiating element, and a connecting portion. The coupled metal element is connected to the positive terminal of the feed wire, and the second radiating element is connected to the negative terminal of the feed wire for the purposes of transmitting electrical signals and generating the multi-band operating modes of the antenna. By connecting the first and second radiating extensions to the coupled radiator, the surface current distribution and impedance variation of the antenna can be effectively adjusted to provide multi-band functions. The antenna utilizes the simple structure of coupled radiator to achieve multi-band operations and uses the radiating extensions to provide sufficient bandwidths.