Electrical Coupling Circuit for Reverse Battery Connection Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles require high-voltage and high-power devices connected to the battery, which are prone to damage from reverse connection without proper protection, necessitating expensive anti-reverse diodes or connectors.
Innovation Solution
An electrical coupling circuit with switch modules and a control module that includes redundancy mechanisms and pre-charging processes to prevent reverse connection damage, using relays and microcontrollers for anti-reverse protection without high-power diodes or expensive connectors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If expensive anti-reverse diodes or fool-proofing connectors are used to prevent reverse connection damage, then battery protection reliability is improved, but system cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protection function is segmented into multiple independent components: main switches for normal operation, auxiliary switches for pre-charging, and control modules for monitoring. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and replaced more easily than expensive integrated anti-reverse diodes or fool-proofing connectors.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary switches perform preliminary pre-charging actions before the main switches close. This preliminary action prevents reverse connection damage by gradually charging the capacitor and detecting voltage polarity, allowing the system to identify and alert reverse connections before they can damage the battery.
2Device complexity
If main switches are used directly to connect power source to load, then circuit simplicity is improved, but reverse connection damage risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
Auxiliary switches are introduced as intermediary components between the power source and main switches. These auxiliary switches perform pre-charging operations and voltage detection, acting as a mediator that protects the main switches and battery from reverse connection damage while maintaining relatively simple circuit architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The auxiliary switches perform preliminary actions before the main switches operate. By pre-charging the capacitor and detecting voltage polarity in advance, the system identifies potential reverse connections before they can cause damage, allowing the control module to alert users before closing the main switches.
Data Source
AI summary
An electrical coupling circuit includes a first switch module including a first main switch and a first auxiliary switch, a second switch module including a second main switch and a second auxiliary switch, an energy storage module and a control module. The two ends of the first main switch and the two ends of the first auxiliary switch are connected to the first electrode of a power source and the first input end of a load. The two ends of the second main switch and the two ends of the second auxiliary switch are connected to the second electrode of the power source and the second input end of the load. The two ends of the energy storage module are connected to the first input end and the second input end. The control module is connected to the first input end, first switch module and second switch module.