Covalently Functionalized Conductive Ink for Low-Voltage Biosensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing conductive inks for biosensors suffer from high sensitivity to interfering substances and low electron transmission efficiency, leading to high working voltages and large electrode areas.
Innovation Solution
A conductive ink functional material is developed, where a metal nanoparticle is bonded to an electronic medium via a covalent bond, enabling direct electron transmission and reducing sensitivity to interfering substances, with a reduced electrode area without compromising signal intensity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional conductive ink is used for biosensor electrodes, then the electrode area can be reduced, but electron transmission efficiency is low and sensitivity to interfering substances is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite material consisting of metal nanoparticles (conductive component) combined with redox mediators (electron transmission component). This composite structure enables both high conductivity and efficient electron transmission through the synergistic interaction between the metallic particles and redox-active molecules, resolving the contradiction between reducing electrode area and maintaining electron transmission efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical and physical parameters of the conductive ink by incorporating redox mediators with specific electrochemical properties. This parameter change enables the material to facilitate electron transfer at lower overpotentials, improving electron transmission efficiency while allowing for smaller electrode areas in biosensor applications.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional conductive ink is used for biosensor electrodes, then manufacturing cost can be reduced, but working voltage is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces redox mediators as intermediary substances that facilitate electron transfer between the enzyme active site and the electrode. These mediators act as electron shuttles, enabling efficient electron transmission at lower working voltages, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining cost-effective manufacturing through inkjet printing technology.
3Area of stationary object
If conventional conductive ink is used for biosensor electrodes, then electrode area can be maintained, but sensitivity to interfering substances is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrochemical parameters of the electrode interface by incorporating redox mediators with selective redox potentials. This parameter change enables the electrode to operate at optimized potentials that favor the specific bioanalyte detection while minimizing interference from other substances, thereby reducing sensitivity to interfering substances while maintaining adequate electrode area.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The conductive ink achieves higher electron transmission efficiency, allowing biosensors to operate at lower working voltages and smaller electrode sizes while maintaining signal intensity.
Implementation Method 1
The surface of a metal nanoparticle is bonded to a molecule containing an electronic medium by a covalent bond
Implementation Method 2
electrons generated by an enzyme reaction on a working electrode of the biosensor can be directly transmitted to the surface of the electrode
Implementation Method 3
electrons generated by an enzyme reaction on a working electrode of the biosensor
Data Source
AI summary
A conductive ink functional material and a preparation method thereof. The conductive ink functional material is a surface-functionalized metal nanoparticle, and the surface of the metal nanoparticle is bonded to a molecule containing an electronic medium by a covalent bond. A functionalized conductive ink and a preparation method thereof. The ink is prepared from the conductive ink functional material.