Explosion-Proof Cover Plate Grooves for Sequential Battery Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
The interaction of combustible and comburent gases within a battery during thermal runaway can lead to explosions due to the bursting of the explosion-proof diaphragm, which fails to effectively manage pressure relief.
Innovation Solution
An explosion-proof structure with a cover plate featuring a first and second sub-groove that form a closed ring, where the thickness varies to allow sequential pressure relief of combustible and comburent gases, preventing the interaction that causes explosions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single explosion-proof diaphragm is used on the cover plate, then the structure is simple, but it cannot effectively manage sequential pressure relief of different gases
Solution Approach 1:
The single explosion-proof diaphragm is segmented into two sub-grooves (first sub-groove and second sub-groove) with different thicknesses. The first sub-groove has smaller thickness for early combustion gas relief, while the second sub-groove has larger thickness for later oxygen relief, enabling sequential pressure management
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the cover plate are given different local properties through varying thickness in the two sub-grooves. The first sub-groove region is designed with thinner material for lower pressure threshold, while the second sub-groove region maintains greater thickness for higher pressure threshold, creating localized functional differences
2Stress or pressure
If the explosion-proof diaphragm bursts at high pressure, then pressure relief is achieved, but combustible and comburent gases interact causing explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The first sub-groove is designed to burst at lower pressure thresholds before the second sub-groove, creating a preliminary pressure relief action. This sequential bursting pattern ensures combustible gases are discharged first, followed by comburent gases, preventing their harmful interaction
Solution Approach 2:
The differential thickness design allows the first sub-groove to 'skip' ahead in the pressure relief sequence, bursting earlier to discharge combustible gases rapidly before the second sub-groove activates, thus rushing through the dangerous phase where both gas types could interact
3Ease of manufacture
If uniform thickness is maintained across the cover plate, then manufacturing is simple, but sequential pressure relief cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The cover plate transitions from uniform thickness to localized thickness variation, where only specific regions (sub-grooves) have modified thickness. This maintains ease of manufacture through targeted modifications while achieving the complex function of sequential pressure relief
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The structure ensures timely and effective discharge of gases, preventing thermal runaway and explosions by managing pressure through a sequential relief mechanism.
Implementation Method 1
the explosion-proof diaphragm gradually deforms with the increase of the internal pressure until bursting for the explosion-proof
Data Source
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AI summary
An explosion-proof structure and a battery are provided. The explosion-proof structure includes a cover plate, and an explosion-proof groove is provided on the cover plate. The explosion-proof groove includes a first sub-groove and a second sub-groove, a projection of the first sub-groove and a projection of the second sub-groove on a side of the cover plate encloses a closed ring, and a thickness of the cover plate at the position where the first sub-groove is located is less than a thickness of the cover plate at the position where the second sub-groove is located. The present application improves the reliability of the cover plate and ensures the explosion-proof effect.