Battery Cell Cover Plate Vent Structure for Directional Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cell explosion-proof valve structures lack directional control, leading to poor safety performance as the cover plate can eject unpredictably, potentially causing injuries during thermal runaway events.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell with directional pressure relief is designed, featuring an explosion-proof valve with an arc notch and connecting portion that opens in a fixed direction, preventing ejection and enhancing safety by using a circular structure that separates the cover plate into a circular and annular part, with reinforcing ribs and positioning features to improve mechanical strength and alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a cross notch explosion-proof valve structure is used, then the pressure release function is achieved, but the opening direction cannot be controlled and the cover plate may eject causing injuries
Solution Approach 1:
The explosion-proof valve is segmented into a circular part and an annular part separated by a fracture line, with the circular part rotating around a connecting portion. This segmentation enables controlled directional opening while maintaining the pressure release function, resolving the contradiction between reliability and ease of operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The explosion-proof valve structure uses asymmetric design with an arc notch and connecting portion that creates a specific rotation direction. The circular part is designed to rotate in a predetermined direction around the connecting portion, providing directional control that prevents unpredictable ejection while maintaining effective pressure release.
2Reliability
If the cover plate is sealed on the battery cell bottom, then the sealing function is achieved, but the cover plate may fall off and eject during thermal runaway
Solution Approach 1:
The connecting portion acts as an intermediary element between the circular part and the battery cell housing. It serves as a pivot point that allows controlled rotation for pressure release while preventing complete detachment and ejection, thus maintaining sealing performance during normal operation and preventing hazards during thermal runaway.
Solution Approach 2:
The explosion-proof valve structure implements local quality by creating a specific rotational mechanism at the valve location. The circular part can rotate directionally around the connecting portion to release pressure, while the rest of the cover plate maintains its sealed position on the battery cell bottom, preventing ejection hazards.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The directional opening of the explosion-proof valve ensures controlled pressure release and prevents the cover plate from ejecting, significantly enhancing user safety and maintaining normal battery operation during thermal runaway events.
Implementation Method 1
the arc notch is fractured and the circular part is turned around the connecting portion
Implementation Method 2
When the thermal runaway in the battery cell occurs, a pressure inside the battery cell increases. When the pressure increases to a fixed value, the cross notch is flushed open
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology. A battery cell with directional pressure relief and a battery module are provided. The battery cell with directional pressure relief includes a housing and a cover plate, and the cover plate is buckled on the housing. The cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve includes an arc notch and a connecting portion, the arc notch and the connecting portion are connected end-to-end to enclose and define a circular structure, and the circular structure separates the cover plate into a circular part and an annular part. When a thermal runaway occurs, the explosion-proof valve is flushed open, the arc notch is fractured, and the circular part is turned around the connecting portion.