Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna With Stable Gain at Low Profile
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional low-profile micro-strip antennas suffer from unstable gain characteristics across operating frequency bands and are limited to single linear polarization, making them unsuitable for applications requiring high-gain and circularly polarized performance.
Innovation Solution
A high-gain low-profile circularly polarized antenna design featuring a circularly polarized patch, a composite dielectric high-impedance surface array, and a metal backplate, utilizing a coherent phase feeding mode and a composite dielectric structure to maintain stable gain and achieve circular polarization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a conventional metal ground is used with a micro-strip patch, then the antenna achieves maximum gain at a distance of approximately a quarter wavelength, but the antenna profile becomes too high for low-profile applications
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electromagnetic parameters of the ground plane by using a high-impedance surface instead of a conventional metal ground. This allows the antenna to operate at distances much less than a quarter wavelength while maintaining stable gain characteristics across the frequency band.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite structure consisting of a micro-strip patch, a dielectric layer, and a high-impedance surface ground plane. This composite material approach enables both low profile and stable gain performance by combining materials with different electromagnetic properties.
2Length of stationary object
If a high-impedance surface is used to reduce antenna profile, then the antenna achieves low profile, but the gain becomes unstable and attenuates quickly in other frequency bands
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the parameters of the high-impedance surface including the geometry, size, and spacing of the metallic patches, as well as the dielectric constant and thickness of the dielectric layer. These parameter adjustments enable the antenna to maintain stable gain characteristics across the entire operating frequency band while preserving the low-profile advantage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The antenna achieves stable gain performance across the operating frequency band, is compact and lightweight, and supports conformal integration with wireless communication systems while maintaining high reliability and wide application range.
Implementation Method 1
The high-impedance surface is an artificial superstructure that can achieve in-phase reflection of the electromagnetic wave
Implementation Method 2
A high-gain low-profile circularly polarized antenna includes a circularly polarized patch at a top, a composite dielectric high-impedance surface array in a middle, and a metal backplate at a bottom
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a technical field of antennas for communication. Disclosed is a high-gain low-profile circularly polarized antenna. The antenna includes a circularly polarized patch, a composite dielectric high-impedance surface array, and a metal backplate. The circularly polarized patch includes a patch dielectric layer, wherein a first fan-shaped patch, a second fan-shaped patch, a third fan-shaped patch, and a fourth fan-shaped patch are formed on an upper surface of the patch dielectric layer; four coaxial feeding lines are arranged at positions that are close to a center of the patch dielectric layer; and an upper end of each of the coaxial feeding lines is electrically connected to one corresponding fan-shaped patch, and the other end of the each of the coaxial feeding lines penetrates the patch dielectric layer to extend to an outside of a lower surface of the patch dielectric layer.