CPR Machine Motion-Time Profile Adjustment via Force Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Manual CPR can be ineffective due to rescuer fatigue and variability in chest compression depth and frequency, leading to inadequate blood circulation and potential organ damage.
Innovation Solution
A CPR machine with a compression mechanism and driver system that adjusts motion-time profiles based on sensed compression and lifting forces, including an optional chest-lifting device to assist active decompression, ensuring consistent and effective chest compressions and decompressions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If manual CPR is performed by rescuers, then human judgment and flexibility can be applied, but rescuer fatigue and variability lead to inconsistent compression depth and frequency
Solution Approach 1:
The CPR machine performs chest compressions autonomously without requiring continuous human intervention. The device self-regulates compression depth, frequency, and duration through its control system, eliminating rescuer fatigue and variability while maintaining consistent therapeutic parameters throughout the resuscitation process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical system of human rescuers with an automated mechanical compression device. The machine uses a piston or similar mechanism driven by a motor to deliver precise, repeatable chest compressions, substituting human physical effort and judgment with controlled mechanical automation
2Productivity
If chest compression depth is increased to exceed 5 cm as recommended, then blood circulation effectiveness improves, but risk of rib fractures and organ damage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The CPR machine dynamically adjusts compression depth and force in real-time based on feedback from force sensors and pressure transducers. The control system continuously monitors tissue response and modifies compression parameters to maintain effectiveness while avoiding excessive force that could cause rib fractures or organ damage, creating a dynamic optimization of the compression profile
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates force sensors and pressure transducers that provide real-time feedback on compression force and intra-thoracic pressure. This feedback loop allows the control system to adjust compression depth and rate, ensuring adequate blood circulation while preventing harmful excessive forces that could cause rib fractures or organ damage
3Productivity
If chest decompression time is extended to allow full return to original shape, then air circulation improves, but compression frequency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The CPR machine implements a periodic compression-decompression cycle with optimized timing. The device delivers rapid compressions followed by controlled decompression phases, creating a rhythmic pattern that maintains high compression frequency while ensuring adequate decompression time for chest recoil and air circulation, with cycle durations optimized to balance both requirements
4Productivity
If active decompression with lifting mechanism is added to assist chest decompression, then air circulation improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The lifting mechanism is integrated with the existing compression mechanism rather than being a separate system. The same piston or mechanical components that perform compressions are utilized to provide active decompression by reversing their motion, merging two functions into a single integrated mechanism and reducing overall device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The compression mechanism is designed to perform multiple functions: delivering chest compressions, assisting passive decompression through controlled release, and providing active decompression through lifting motion. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate dedicated lifting mechanisms, reducing device complexity while maintaining improved air circulation
Data Source
AI summary
A CPR machine (100) is configured to perform compressions on a patient's (182) chest that alternate with releases. The CPR machine includes a compression mechanism (148), and a driver system (141) configured to drive the compression mechanism. A compression force may be sensed, and the driving is adjusted accordingly if there is a surprise. For instance, driving may have been automatic according to a motion-time profile, which is adjusted if the compression force is not as expected (850). An optional chest-lifting device (152) may lift the chest between the compressions, to assist actively the decompression of the chest. A lifting force may be sensed, and the motion-time profile can be adjusted if the compression force or the lifting force is not as expected. An advantage is that a changing condition in the patient or in the retention of the patient within the CPR machine may be detected and responded to.