Mechanical CPR Piston Retraction for Chest Expansion
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional CPR devices do not allow for adequate chest expansion during compressions, which can impede ventilation and reduce the effectiveness of CPR, as they do not retract the compression element from the patient's chest, leading to potential irreversible damage to vital organs.
Innovation Solution
A mechanical CPR device with a piston and controller that moves to a retreat position away from the patient's chest after each compression, allowing for natural ventilation without active decompression, and can be programmed for pauses and preset time retention in this position, enhancing oxygenation and simplifying adjustments during therapy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the compression element remains in contact with the patient's chest during CPR, then the chest compression can be continuously applied, but the chest expansion during ventilation is impeded and ventilation effectiveness is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The compression element is designed to dynamically change its position between a compression position (contacting the chest) and a ventilation position (retracted away from the chest). This dynamic repositioning allows the system to adapt between compression and ventilation phases, resolving the contradiction between continuous compression effectiveness and ventilation effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The CPR session is segmented into distinct phases: compression phase and ventilation phase. During compression phase, the compression element is positioned to apply force; during ventilation phase, it is retracted to allow chest expansion. This temporal segmentation allows both functions to be effectively performed without interference.
2Productivity
If the compression element is quickly returned to the starting position after compression, then the compression frequency can be maintained, but the chest cannot adequately expand during ventilation
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the compression element position based on the CPR phase. After compression, instead of immediately returning to the starting position, the element is retracted to a ventilation position that allows chest expansion. This dynamic adjustment maintains compression frequency while enabling adequate ventilation.
3Device complexity
If conventional CPR devices are used, then the device structure is simple, but the patient's chest cannot expand freely during ventilation therapy
Solution Approach 1:
The compression element incorporates a dynamic retraction mechanism that allows it to move between compression and ventilation positions. This adds minimal complexity while enabling the chest to expand freely during ventilation, significantly improving ventilation effectiveness without requiring a completely complex device redesign.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
An exemplary embodiment of a mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation ("CPR") device can include a piston, a driver coupled to the piston configured to extend and retract the piston and a controller. The controller can be configured to cause the driver during a session to at least position the piston at a reference position, extend the piston from the reference position to a compression position to compress a chest of a patient, return the piston from the compression position to the reference position, retract the piston from the reference position to a retreat position, the retreat position including the piston at a distance away from the reference position whereby the patient's chest can expand without active decompression of the patient's chest, the piston retracted to the retreat position at least once before the end of the session, and return the piston from the retreat position to the reference position.