Intravascular Pump System for Forward Blood Flow During CPR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) methods are inefficient in achieving forward blood flow due to the sloshing effect caused by bidirectional blood flow during chest compressions, leading to inadequate oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal, which can result in ineffective resuscitation during cardiac arrest.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a blood flow enhancement device with a pump system and valving system that superimposes a directional flow over chest compression-induced blood flow, using intravascular or virtual valves to enforce forward blood flow while limiting reverse flow, and a hemodynamic power monitoring system to optimize CPR efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional CPR chest compression is used, then blood circulation is attempted, but bidirectional blood flow occurs causing sloshing effect and inefficient forward blood flow
Solution Approach 1:
A flow directing element (valve or pump) is introduced as an intermediary device within the blood vessel to actively manage and direct blood flow. This mediator prevents bidirectional flow by blocking reverse flow paths while maintaining forward flow, thereby eliminating the sloshing effect and improving CPR efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The harmful bidirectional flow component is extracted and separated from the useful forward flow. By using flow directing elements to block the reverse flow path, the system isolates and removes the ineffective sloshing motion, allowing only productive forward blood flow to occur during CPR
2Ease of operation
If bidirectional blood flow is allowed during CPR, then ease of operation is maintained, but forward blood flow is insufficient for effective resuscitation
Solution Approach 1:
The flow directing element serves as an automatic intermediary that passively enforces unidirectional flow without requiring complex active control. The valve or pump mechanism operates autonomously based on pressure differentials, maintaining ease of manual CPR operation while significantly improving forward blood flow volume through passive flow direction control
3Device complexity
If no flow control device is used, then device complexity is low, but oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal are inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
A relatively simple flow directing element (valve or pump) is introduced as an intermediary device that passively ensures reliable oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal. This moderate-complexity device automatically maintains unidirectional flow, preventing the sloshing effect that would otherwise compromise respiratory gas exchange and tissue oxygenation during CPR
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly increases forward blood flow and re-oxygenation, potentially improving survival rates for cardiac arrest patients by enhancing the efficacy of CPR and ensuring better tissue oxygenation and waste removal.
Implementation Method 1
a pump system configured to be coupled to a central vasculature of a subject during CPR. The pump system includes a pumping mechanism configured to increase forward blood flow generated during the CPR while substantially limiting backward blood flow generated during the CPR
Implementation Method 2
A blood flow enhancement device includes a valving system including at least one element configured to be coupled invasively or non-invasively to a central vasculature of a subject during CPR. The at least one element is configured to substantially reduce blood flow in at least one blood vessel of the central vasculature
Implementation Method 3
The power estimation system is configured to determine a hemodynamic power based on the measured blood flow and the measured blood pressure
Implementation Method 4
The measurement device measures the blood flow based on a measurement technique selected from the group consisting of a pressure gradient, a Doppler shift, a bristle flow, anemometry, thermodilution, a pitot technique, and an electromagnetic flow
Implementation Method 5
The measurement device measures the blood flow based on a measurement technique selected from the group consisting of a pressure gradient, a Doppler shift, a bristle flow, anemometry, thermodilution, a pitot technique, and an electromagnetic flow
Data Source
AI summary
Devices and methods for blood flow enhancement and hemodynamic power monitoring are provided. A blood flow enhancement device includes a pump system configured to be coupled to a central vasculature of a subject during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The pump system includes a pumping mechanism configured to increase forward blood flow generated during the CPR while substantially limiting backward blood flow generated during the CPR. The pumping mechanism being operated concurrently with the CPR. The hemodynamic power monitor is configured to control a chest compression device and an active valve.