CR2 Binding Proteins Block Antigen Retention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases, and viral reservoirs are inadequate due to the role of CR2 in B cell activation and antigen retention, leading to persistent autoantibody production and viral persistence.
Innovation Solution
Development of CR2 binding proteins that bind to novel epitopes of CR2, preventing ligand binding and reducing B cell activation, thereby blocking CR2-dependent mechanisms and antigen retention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If CR2-dependent mechanisms are utilized for antigen retention and B cell activation, then immune response is enhanced, but autoantibody production and viral persistence increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces CR2 binding proteins as intermediary molecules that specifically bind to CR2 receptors on B cells and follicular dendritic cells. These proteins act as mediators that block the interaction between C3d/g-opsonised antigens and CR2, thereby preventing harmful antigen retention and autoantibody production while allowing controlled immune responses. The binding proteins serve as a regulatory layer between the complement system and CR2-expressing cells.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and isolates the harmful CR2-dependent antigen retention mechanism from the beneficial immune activation function. By developing binding proteins that specifically target CR2, the patent separates the pathological aspect (uncontrolled antigen retention leading to autoimmunity and viral reservoirs) from the physiological aspect (controlled immune response), allowing selective inhibition of harmful effects while preserving necessary immune functions.
2Ease of operation
If conventional treatments are used for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, then general symptom management is achieved, but CR2-dependent mechanisms remain active causing persistent disease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of B cell activation threshold by introducing CR2 binding proteins that modulate CR2 receptor activity. Unlike conventional treatments that suppress immune function broadly, this approach specifically alters the activation parameter of CR2-dependent pathways, raising the threshold for inappropriate activation while maintaining responsiveness to genuine threats. This parameter modification leads to more durable disease remission by addressing the root mechanism rather than symptoms.
3Reliability
If CR2 binding proteins are developed to block antigen retention, then viral reservoirs are reduced, but new therapeutic mechanisms must be established
Solution Approach 1:
The CR2 binding proteins developed in this patent possess multi-functionality that reduces overall therapeutic complexity. The same binding proteins that block antigen retention and reduce viral reservoirs also modulate B cell activation, regulate germinal center formation, and control follicular dendritic cell function. This universal mechanism addresses multiple aspects of disease pathology through a single therapeutic approach, simplifying the overall treatment strategy despite the complex underlying biology.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides CR2 binding proteins which bind to human CR2, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said CR2 binding proteins and their use in the treatment or prevention of autoimmune and/or inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases and malignancies associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); and their use as vaccine adjuvants/antigen carriers.