CR3 I-Domain Ligands for Blocking Pathogen Cell Entry

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods are inadequate in inhibiting the interaction of pathogens with complement receptor 3 (CR3)-expressing cells, leading to infectious diseases caused by various pathogens including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses.

Innovation Solution

The use of non-carbohydrate, small molecule ligands of the alpha subunit I-domain of CR3 to inhibit the binding and entry of pathogens into cells, including immune and epithelial cells, by administering effective amounts of ligands such as dibenzoazepines, anthranilic acid derivatives, and phenylpropionic acid derivatives.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional methods are used to inhibit pathogen interaction with CR3-expressing cells, then some level of protection is achieved, but the inhibition effectiveness is insufficient leading to infections

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveinhibition effectivenessVSAvoidinfection risk

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameter of the ligand from carbohydrate-based to non-carbohydrate small molecules, achieving superior inhibition effectiveness against CR3-expressing cell-pathogen interactions while maintaining specificity and reducing infection risk

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates synthetic copies of natural ligands that bind to CR3, using small molecule compounds that replicate the binding function of larger carbohydrate structures, thereby achieving effective pathogen inhibition with improved pharmacological properties

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

2Adaptability or versatility

If broad-spectrum pathogen protection is achieved, then coverage against multiple pathogens is improved, but the complexity of identifying effective ligands increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebroad-spectrum coverageVSAvoidligand identification complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent identifies non-carbohydrate small molecule ligands that universally bind to CR3 across multiple pathogen types including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses, achieving broad-spectrum protection through a single receptor-targeting mechanism that simplifies the overall approach

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The ligands effectively inhibit pathogen binding and entry into cells, reducing infection by over 99% in some cases, and can be formulated for oral, topical, or intrauterine delivery, providing broad-spectrum protection against a range of pathogens.

Implementation Method 1

certain non-carbohydrate, small molecule ligands of the alpha subunit I-domain of CR3 are able to inhibit binding of pathogens with CR3-expressing cells

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectLigand-receptor binding:

Data Source

PatentUS12564596B2Agents and methods for modulating pathogen activity

Publication Date: 2026.03.03 GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY

AI summary

Ligands of complement receptor 3, including ligands of the I domain of the alpha subunit of this receptor, are useful in methods, compositions and articles/devices for inhibiting the interaction of pathogens to a complement receptor 3-expressing cell and for treating or inhibiting the development of infections caused by such pathogens.