Automated Crack Detection Using Deep Learning and Zernike Moments
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting structural cracks in civil engineering structures are inefficient and prone to human error, with manual detection being time-consuming and lacking precision, especially for micro-cracks, and existing digital image processing techniques struggle to accurately automate crack identification and measurement.
Innovation Solution
A method and device utilizing multi-scale deep learning for crack detection, combined with global-local co-segmentation and fine crack detection based on image segmentation and reconstruction, to automatically draw and measure cracks with high precision and accuracy, including micro-cracks smaller than 5 pixels, by employing multi-scale deep learning, median filtering, Hessian matrix-based linear enhancement, and single-pixel crack skeleton analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual observation and measurement methods are used for crack detection, then detection can be performed with simple equipment, but detection efficiency is low and time consumption is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical observation and measurement with an automated digital image processing system. The system uses image acquisition devices to capture crack images and automatically processes these images through computer algorithms to detect, draw, and measure cracks, eliminating the need for manual intervention and significantly improving detection efficiency while reducing time consumption.
2Measurement precision
If conventional image processing algorithms are used for crack identification, then the system structure remains simple, but detection precision is insufficient due to background and feature variability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs deep learning technology that automatically learns and adapts parameters for crack detection. The system trains neural networks on large datasets to automatically adjust detection parameters and features, enabling high precision crack identification even under varying backgrounds and lighting conditions, while the automated parameter learning reduces the need for manual parameter tuning.
3Extent of automation
If automated deep learning methods are used for crack detection, then detection automation level increases, but system complexity and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service automated system where the deep learning model automatically performs crack detection, drawing, and measurement without human intervention. The system self-trains on datasets, automatically adjusts parameters, and produces detection results autonomously, achieving high automation levels while managing complexity through integrated software modules.
4Measurement precision
If pixel-based crack width measurement is used, then measurement process is simplified, but measurement precision is insufficient for micro-cracks smaller than 5 pixels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from simple pixel counting to a more sophisticated measurement approach that considers multiple dimensions. The system uses automated image processing algorithms that analyze crack geometry, orientation, and context across multiple image processing stages, enabling precise measurement of micro-cracks while maintaining measurement efficiency through automated computation.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a method and device for automatically drawing structural cracks and precisely measuring widths thereof. The method comprises a method for automatically drawing cracks and a method for calculating widths of these cracks based on a single-pixel skeleton and Zernike orthogonal moments, wherein the method for automatically drawing cracks is used to rapidly and precisely draw cracks in the surface of a structure, and the method for calculating widths of these cracks based on a single-pixel skeleton and Zernike orthogonal moments is used to calculate widths of macro-cracks and micro-cracks in an image in a real-time manner.


